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Preliminary assessment of the velvet ant fauna in Nepal, with description of new species of the genera Strangulotilla Nonveiller and Zeugomutilla Chen

Okayasu, Juriya 北海道大学

2023.10

概要

Velvet ants (Mutillidae and Myrmosidae) are a large group of parasitoid stinging
wasps with approximately 650 species recorded in the Oriental Region (Lelej, 2005,
2007; Pagliano et al., 2020). In this region, South Asia is known for its unique but rarely
explored velvet ant fauna (Lelej, 1995; Okayasu, 2022).
Nepal is located just south of the Himalayan mountains, extending approximately
one third of this mountain range (Paudel et al., 2012). Although Nepal occupies only 0.1%
of the global land mass, the geography of this country is disproportionately complicated,
from lowlands to world’s highest peak, and a variety of terrestrial ecoregions is found
(Fig. 1; Dinerstein et al., 2017; Olson et al., 2001; Paudel et al., 2012; Wikramanayake
et al., 2002). It is, therefore, not surprising that Nepal harbors the highest richness and
endemism of terrestrial organisms in South Asia (Myers et al., 2000; Paudel et al., 2012;
Roll et al., 2017; Wikramanayake et al., 2002). However, the velvet ant fauna of Nepal is
largely unsampled and only eight species have been recorded in six publications (Hammer,
1962; Lelej, 2005; Lelej et al., 2007, 2023; Okayasu et al., 2021; Zhou et al., 2018).
Hokkaido University conducted entomological expeditions to Nepal in 1965,
1967, 1968, 1972, 1975, and 1983 (Kumata, 1973; Suwa, 1984; Yamane & Yamane,
1979). Many entomologists were involved in this project; a vast number of specimens
representing various insect orders was collected. The material collected in the
expeditions has been fruitfully discussed by expert systematists over half a century in
more than 50 papers (e.g., Kimoto & Takizawa, 1972, 1973, 1981; Kumata, 1973, 1985,
1989; Miyatake, 1985; Ôhara, 1989; Okushima, 1999; Suwa, 1977, 1984, 1994; Takagi,
1975, 1977, 2019, 2020; Takizawa, 1988; Williams et al., 2010; Yamane & Yamane,
1979). Those contributions provide basic knowledge of the insect fauna of Nepal, like
new species descriptions, checklists, identification keys, and illustrations.
I explored the Nepalese collection in the Hokkaido University Insect Collection
and found 49 velvet ant specimens, which will provide valuable resources for better
understanding of the Nepalese fauna. This paper attempts to assess the potential diversity
of velvet ants in this country based on the results of the Hokkaido University expeditions.
A list of the specimens and description of two new species of Zeugomutillini Waldren,
2023, tribe new to Nepal, are given.
Materials and Methods
Nepalese velvet ant specimens collected through the Hokkaido University
expeditions are deposited in the Hokkaido University Insect Collection, Sapporo, Japan
(SEHU). Those specimens were sorted into genera using recent keys to Old World velvet
ants (Lelej, 2002, 2005; Lelej & Williams, 2023; Turrisi et al., 2015; Williams et al.,
2019). Some specimens were further identified to species-level. However, this paper is
limited to present new species descriptions in Zeugomutillini and a list of morphospecies,
because accurate identification of South Asian species often requires reexamination
of types or identified specimens. Exceptions are the following two species that were
described or recorded from Nepal in previous papers (Lelej et al., 2023; Okayasu et al.,
2021) based on SEHU specimens: Eotrogaspidia adhabar Okayasu, Lelej & Williams,
2021 and Kurzenkotilla scrobiculata (Hammer, 1962). Voucher specimens were so
labelled and linked with the names appearing in the list below. ...

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Preliminary assessment of the velvet ant fauna in Nepal, with description of new species of the genera Strangulotilla Nonveiller and Zeugomutilla Chen

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この論文で使われている画像

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