[1] B. Desjardins and E. A. Kazerooni, “ECG-Gated Cardiac CT,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 182, no. 4, pp. 993–1010, Apr. 2004.
[2] G. Montalescot et al., “2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease: The Task Force on the management of stable coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 34, no. 38, pp. 2949–3003, Oct. 2013.
[3] E. Maffei et al., “Prognostic value of computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with chest pain of suspected cardiac origin,” Radiol. Med., vol. 116, no. 5, pp. 690–705, Aug. 2011.
[4] A. I. Guaricci et al., “The presence of remodeled and mixed atherosclerotic plaques at coronary ct angiography predicts major cardiac adverse events — The CAFÉPIE Study,” Int. J. Cardiol., vol. 215, pp. 325–331, Jul. 2016.
[5] G. Pontone et al., “Rationale and design of the PERFECTION (comparison between stress cardiac computed tomography PERfusion versus Fractional flow rEserve measured by Computed Tomography angiography In the evaluation of suspected cOroNary artery disease) prospective study,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 330–334, Jul. 2016.
[6] G. L. Raff, M. J. Gallagher, W. W. O’Neill, and J. A. Goldstein, “Diagnostic Accuracy of Noninvasive Coronary Angiography Using 64-Slice Spiral Computed Tomography,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 552–557, Aug. 2005.
[7] H. Scheffel et al., “Accuracy of dual-source CT coronary angiography: first experience in a high pre-test probability population without heart rate control,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 2739–2747, Nov. 2006.
[8] A. C. Weustink et al., “Reliable High-Speed Coronary Computed Tomography in Symptomatic Patients,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 786–794, Aug. 2007.
[9] T. R. C. Johnson et al., “Diagnostic Accuracy of Dual-Source Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease,” Invest. Radiol., vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 684–691, Oct. 2007.
[10] U. Ropers et al., “Influence of Heart Rate on the Diagnostic Accuracy of DualSource Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 50, no. 25, pp. 2393–2398, Dec. 2007.
[11] S. Leschka et al., “Diagnostic accuracy of high-pitch dual-source CT for the assessment of coronary stenoses: first experience,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 2896–2903, Dec. 2009.
[12] K. U. Juergens et al., “Using ECG-Gated Multidetector CT to Evaluate Global Left Ventricular Myocardial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 179, no. 6, pp. 1545–1550, Dec. 2002.
[13] T. J. Noto et al., “Cardiac catheterization 1990: A report of the registry of the society for cardiac angiography and interventions (SCA&I),” Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 75–83, Oct. 1991.
[14] L. MS, “Exercise electrocardiogram testing and prognosis. Novel markers and predictive instruments. - PubMed - NCBI.” [Online]. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11570113. [Accessed: 05-Sep-2019].
[15] A. Audet et al., “ACC / AHA Practice Guidelines ACC / AHA Guidelines for Coronary Angiography : Executive Summary and Recommendations,” Circulation, vol. 99, pp. 2345–2357, 1999.
[16] K. Nieman et al., “Non-invasive coronary angiography with multislice spiral computed tomography: impact of heart rate.,” Heart, vol. 88, no. 5, pp. 470–4, Nov. 2002.
[17] C. Hong et al., “ECG-gated Reconstructed Multi–Detector Row CT Coronary Angiography: Effect of Varying Trigger Delay on Image Quality,” Radiology, vol. 220, no. 3, pp. 712–717, Sep. 2001.
[18] S.-Z. Zhang, X.-H. Hu, Q.-W. Zhang, and W.-X. Huang, “Evaluation of computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with a high heart rate using 16-slice spiral computed tomography with 0.37-s gantry rotation time,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1105–1109, Jun. 2005.
[19] D. Matt et al., “Dual-Source CT Coronary Angiography: Image Quality, Mean Heart Rate, and Heart Rate Variability,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 189, no. 3, pp. 567–573, Sep. 2007.
[20] C. A. Barrera, H. J. Otero, A. M. White, D. Saul, and D. M. Biko, “Image quality and radiation dose of ECG-triggered High-Pitch Dual-Source cardiac computed tomography angiography in children for the evaluation of central vascular stents,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 367–374, 2019.
[21] K. Nieman et al., “Coronary angiography with multi-slice computed tomography,” Lancet, vol. 357, no. 9256, pp. 599–603, Feb. 2001.
[22] N. R. Mollet et al., “Multislice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with stable angina pectoris,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 2265–2270, Jun. 2004.
[23] E. MARTUSCELLI et al., “Accuracy of thin-slice computed tomography in the detection of coronary stenoses,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 1043–1048, Jun. 2004.
[24] D. Oncel, G. Oncel, A. Tastan, and B. Tamci, “Evaluation of Coronary Stent Patency and In-Stent Restenosis with Dual-Source CT Coronary Angiography Without Heart Rate Control,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 191, no. 1, pp. 56–63, Jul. 2008.
[25] N. R. Mollet et al., “High-Resolution Spiral Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in Patients Referred for Diagnostic Conventional Coronary Angiography,” Circulation, vol. 112, no. 15, pp. 2318–2323, Oct. 2005.
[26] S. Leschka et al., “Accuracy of MSCT coronary angiography with 64-slice technology: first experience,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 26, no. 15, pp. 1482–1487, Aug. 2005.
[27] J. M. Miller et al., “Diagnostic Performance of Coronary Angiography by 64-Row CT,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 359, no. 22, pp. 2324–2336, Nov. 2008.
[28] S. Motoyama et al., “Computed Tomographic Angiography Characteristics of Atherosclerotic Plaques Subsequently Resulting in Acute Coronary Syndrome,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 49–57, Jun. 2009.
[29] T. Cyrus, R. J. Gropler, and P. K. Woodard, “Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and advances in CT plaque imaging,” J. Nucl. Cardiol., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 466– 473, Jun. 2009.
[30] F. J. Rybicki et al., “Prediction of coronary artery plaque progression and potential rupture from 320-detector row prospectively ECG-gated single heart beat CT angiography: Lattice Boltzmann evaluation of endothelial shear stress,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 25, no. S2, pp. 289–299, Aug. 2009.
[31] P. G. Ramkumar, D. Mitsouras, C. L. Feldman, P. H. Stone, and F. J. Rybicki, “New advances in cardiac computed tomography,” Curr. Opin. Cardiol., vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 596–603, Nov. 2009.
[32] J. Hausleiter et al., “Estimated Radiation Dose Associated With Cardiac CT Angiography,” JAMA, vol. 301, no. 5, p. 500, Feb. 2009.
[33] G. L. Raff et al., “Radiation Dose From Cardiac Computed Tomography Before and After Implementation of Radiation Dose–Reduction Techniques,” JAMA, vol. 301, no. 22, p. 2340, Jun. 2009.
[34] N. Tomizawa, E. Maeda, M. Akahane, R. Torigoe, S. Kiryu, and K. Ohtomo, “Coronary CT angiography using the second-generation 320-detector row CT: Assessment of image quality and radiation dose in various heart rates compared with the first-generation scanner,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1613–1618, 2013.
[35] K. P. Chang, T. K. Hsu, W. T. Lin, and W. L. Hsu, “Optimization of dose and image quality in adult and pediatric computed tomography scans,” Radiat. Phys. Chem., vol. 140, no. January, pp. 260–265, 2017.
[36] M. Y. Chen, S. M. Shanbhag, and A. E. Arai, “Submillisievert Median Radiation Dose for Coronary Angiography with a Second-Generation 320–Detector Row CT Scanner in 107 Consecutive Patients,” http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.13122621, Apr. 2013.
[37] G. Pontone et al., “Impact of an intra-cycle motion correction algorithm on overall evaluability and diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography coronary angiography,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 147–156, Jan. 2016.
[38] Y. Iyama et al., “Submillisievert Radiation Dose Coronary CT Angiography: Clinical Impact of the Knowledge-Based Iterative Model Reconstruction,” Acad. Radiol., vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 1393–1401, 2016.
[39] P. V. M. Linsen, A. Coenen, M. M. Lubbers, M. L. Dijkshoorn, M. Ouhlous, and K. Nieman, “Computed Tomography Angiography with a 192-slice Dual-source Computed Tomography System: Improvements in Image Quality and Radiation Dose.,” J. Clin. Imaging Sci., vol. 6, p. 44, 2016.
[40] A. J. Einstein et al., “Radiation Dose from Single-Heartbeat Coronary CT Angiography Performed with a 320-Detector Row Volume Scanner 1,” Radiol. n Radiol., vol. 254, no. 3, 2010.
[41] A. Manmadhachary, Y. Ravi Kumar, and L. Krishnanand, “Effect of CT acquisition parameters of spiral CT on image quality and radiation dose,” Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., vol. 103, pp. 18–26, 2017.
[42] Y. Nagatani et al., “Multidetector-row computed tomography coronary angiography: optimization of image reconstruction phase according to the heart rate.,” Circ. J., vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 112–21, Jan. 2007.
[43] J. Hausleiter et al., “Feasibility of dual-source cardiac CT angiography with highpitch scan protocols,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 236–242, Jul. 2009.
[44] M. Lell et al., “High-Pitch Electrocardiogram-Triggered Computed Tomography of the Chest,” Invest. Radiol., vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 728–733, Nov. 2009.
[45] S. Achenbach et al., “Coronary computed tomography angiography with a consistent dose below 1 mSv using prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered high-pitch spiral acquisition,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 340–346, Feb. 2010.
[46] B. Bischoff et al., “Comparison of Sequential and Helical Scanning for Radiation Dose and Image Quality: Results of the Prospective Multicenter Study on Radiation Dose Estimates of Cardiac CT Angiography (PROTECTION) I Study,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 194, no. 6, pp. 1495–1499, Jun. 2010.
[47] W. P. Shuman et al., “Prospective versus Retrospective ECG Gating for 64- Detector CT of the Coronary Arteries: Comparison of Image Quality and Patient Radiation Dose,” Radiology, vol. 248, no. 2, pp. 431–437, Aug. 2008.
[48] W.-H. Yin et al., “Detection of coronary artery stenosis with sub-milliSievert radiation dose by prospectively ECG-triggered high-pitch spiral CT angiography and iterative reconstruction,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 2927–2933, Nov. 2013.
[49] Z. Sun, “Coronary CT angiography with prospective ECG-triggering: an effective alternative to invasive coronary angiography.,” Cardiovasc. Diagn. Ther., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 28–37, Mar. 2012.
[50] M. L. Steigner et al., “Narrowing the phase window width in prospectively ECGgated single heart beat 320-detector row coronary CT angiography,” Int. J Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 85–90, Jan. 2009.
[51] T. C. Gerber, B. P. Stratmann, R. S. Kuzo, B. Kantor, and R. L. Morin, “Effect of Acquisition Technique on Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Multidetector Row Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography With Submillimeter Collimation,” Invest. Radiol., vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 556–563, Aug. 2005.
[52] J. P. Earls et al., “Prospectively Gated Transverse Coronary CT Angiography versus Retrospectively Gated Helical Technique: Improved Image Quality and Reduced Radiation Dose,” Radiology, vol. 246, no. 3, pp. 742–753, Mar. 2008.
[53] W. P. Shuman et al., “Prospective versus Retrospective ECG Gating for 64- Detector CT of the Coronary Arteries: Comparison of Image Quality and Patient Radiation Dose,” Radiology, vol. 248, no. 2, pp. 431–437, Aug. 2008.
[54] N. Hirai et al., “Prospective versus Retrospective ECG-gated 64-Detector Coronary CT Angiography: Assessment of Image Quality, Stenosis, and Radiation Dose,” Radiology, vol. 248, no. 2, pp. 424–430, Aug. 2008.
[55] S. Achenbach et al., “High-pitch spiral acquisition: A new scan mode for coronary CT angiography,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 117–121, Mar. 2009.
[56] N. Tomizawa, S. Kanno, E. Maeda, M. Akahane, R. Torigoe, and K. Ohtomo, “Minimizing the acquisition phase in coronary CT angiography using the second generation 320-row CT,” Jpn. J. Radiol., vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 391–396, Jul. 2014.
[57] P. Kanako K. Kumamaru, MD, Bernice E. Hoppel, PhD, Richard T. Mather and P. Frank J. Rybicki, MD, “CT Angiography: Current Technology and Clinical Use,” NIH Public Access, Author Manuscr., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 213–235, 2011.
[58] C. Herzog et al., “Multi–Detector Row CT Coronary Angiography: Influence of Reconstruction Technique and Heart Rate on Image Quality,” Radiology, vol. 238, no. 1, pp. 75–86, Jan. 2006.
[59] S. Leschka et al., “Noninvasive Coronary Angiography with 64-Section CT: Effect of Average Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability on Image Quality,” Radiology, vol. 241, no. 2, pp. 378–385, Nov. 2006.
[60] P. A. Araoz et al., “Optimal image reconstruction phase at low and high heart rates in dual-source CT coronary angiography.,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 837–45, Dec. 2009.
[61] E. Maeda et al., “Subjective and objective evaluation of 10–30% dose reduced coronary artery phantom scans reconstructed with Forward projected model-based Iterative Reconstruction SoluTion (FIRST),” Data Br., vol. 10, pp. 210–214, 2017.
[62] Y. Nishiyama et al., “Effect of the forward-projected model-based iterative reconstruction solution algorithm on image quality and radiation dose in pediatric cardiac computed tomography,” Pediatr. Radiol., vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 1663–1670, Nov. 2016.
[63] K. Yasaka, K. Kamiya, R. Irie, E. Maeda, J. Sato, and K. Ohtomo, “Metal artefact reduction for patients with metallic dental fillings in helical neck computed tomography: comparison of adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D (AIDR 3D), forward-projected model-based iterative reconstruction solution (FIRST) and AIDR 3D with single-energy metal artefact reduction (SEMAR),” Dentomaxillofacial Radiol., vol. 45, no. 7, p. 20160114, Sep. 2016.
[64] A. Gervaise et al., “CT image quality improvement using adaptive iterative dose reduction with wide-volume acquisition on 320-detector CT,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 295–301, Feb. 2012.
[65] M. Y. Chen et al., “Simulated 50 % radiation dose reduction in coronary CT angiography using adaptive iterative dose reduction in three-dimensions (AIDR3D),” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1167–1175, Jun. 2013.
[66] A. Arbab-Zadeh et al., “Ct Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Fails To Improve Diagnostic Accuracy of Ct Coronary Angiography To Determine Stent Patency,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 71, no. 11, p. A1639, 2018.
[67] D. Ertel, T. Pflederer, S. Achenbach, and W. A. Kalender, “Real-time determination of the optimal reconstruction phase to control ECG pulsing in spiral cardiac CT,” Phys. Medica, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 122–127, Sep. 2009.
[68] S. Achenbach, D. Ropers, J. Holle, G. Muschiol, W. G. Daniel, and W. Moshage, “In-Plane Coronary Arterial Motion Velocity: Measurement with Electron-Beam CT,” Radiology, vol. 216, no. 2, pp. 457–463, Aug. 2000.
[69] Sebastian Leschka et al., “Optimal image reconstruction intervals for non-invasive coronary angiography with 64-slice CT,” Eur Radiol, vol. 16, pp. 1964–1972, 2006.
[70] L. Xu et al., “Low-dose adaptive sequential scan for dual-source CT coronary angiography in patients with high heart rate: Comparison with retrospective ECG gating,” Eur. J. Radiol., vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 183–187, Nov. 2010.
[71] R. Blankstein et al., “Radiation Dose and Image Quality of Prospective Triggering With Dual-Source Cardiac Computed Tomography,” Am. J. Cardiol., vol. 103, no. 8, pp. 1168–1173, Apr. 2009.
[72] J. Blobel, H. Baartman, P. Rogalla, J. Mews, and A. Lembcke, “Spatial and temporal resolution with 16-slice computed tomography for cardiac imaging.,” Rofo, vol. 175, no. 9, pp. 1264–71, Sep. 2003.
[73] Y. Wang, E. Vidan, and G. W. Bergman, “Cardiac Motion of Coronary Arteries: Variability in the Rest Period and Implications for Coronary MR Angiography,” Radiology, vol. 213, no. 3, pp. 751–758, Dec. 1999.
[74] L. Husmann et al., “Coronary Artery Motion and Cardiac Phases: Dependency on Heart Rate—Implications for CT Image Reconstruction,” Radiology, vol. 245, no. 2, pp. 567–576, Nov. 2007.
[75] W. A. Kalender, H. Wolf, C. Suess, M. Gies, H. Greess, and W. A. Bautz, “Dose reduction in CT by on-line tube current control: principles and validation on phantoms and cadavers,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 323–328, Feb. 1999.
[76] T. F. Jakobs et al., “Multislice helical CT of the heart with retrospective ECG gating: reduction of radiation exposure by ECG-controlled tube current modulation,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 1081–1086, May 2002.
[77] S. Achenbach, K. Anders, and W. A. Kalender, “Dual-source cardiac computed tomography: image quality and dose considerations,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1188–1198, Jun. 2008.
[78] S. ACHENBACH, “Current and future status on cardiac computed tomography imaging for diagnosis and risk stratification,” J. Nucl. Cardiol., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 703–713, Nov. 2005.
[79] A. J. Einstein, M. J. Henzlova, and S. Rajagopalan, “Estimating Risk of Cancer Associated With Radiation Exposure From 64-Slice Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography,” JAMA, vol. 298, no. 3, p. 317, Jul. 2007.
[80] M. Kachelrieß, D.-A. Sennst, W. Maxlmoser, and W. A. Kalender, “Kymogram detection and kymogram-correlated image reconstruction from subsecond spiral computed tomography scans of the heart,” Med. Phys., vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 1489– 1503, Jun. 2002.
[81] D. Ertel, T. Pflederer, S. Achenbach, M. Kachelrieß, P. Steffen, and W. A. Kalender, “Validation of a raw data-based synchronization signal (kymogram) for phase-correlated cardiac image reconstruction,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 253–262, Feb. 2008.
[82] D. Ertel et al., “Rawdata-Based Detection of the Optimal Reconstruction Phase in ECG-Gated Cardiac Image Reconstruction,” Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 348–355.
[83] D. Ertel, T. Pflederer, S. Achenbach, M. Kachelrie, Y. Kyriakou, and W. A. Kalender, “Raw Data-Based Approach to Identify the Optimal Reconstruction Phase in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography,” J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 26–31, Jan. 2009.
[84] M. J. Budoff et al., “Assessment of coronary artery disease by cardiac computed tomography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Committee on Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Committee on C,” Circulation, vol. 114, no. 16, pp. 1761–1791, Oct. 2006.
[85] R. Fazel et al., “Exposure to Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation from Medical Imaging Procedures,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 361, no. 9, pp. 849–857, Aug. 2009.
[86] E. Arnoldi et al., “Adequate image quality with reduced radiation dose in prospectively triggered coronary CTA compared with retrospective techniques,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 2147–2155, Sep. 2009.
[87] D. Matt et al., “Dual-Source CT Coronary Angiography: Image Quality, Mean Heart Rate, and Heart Rate Variability,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 189, no. 3, pp. 567–573, Sep. 2007.
[88] S. Achenbach et al., “Influence of heart rate and phase of the cardiac cycle on the occurrence of motion artifact in dual-source CT angiography of the coronary arteries,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 91–98, 2012.
[89] R. C. Hendel et al., “ACCF/ACR/SCCT/SCMR/ASNC/NASCI/SCAI/SIR 2006 Appropriateness Criteria for Cardiac Computed Tomography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging⁎⁎Developed in accordance with the principles and methodology outlined by ACCF: Patel MR, Spertus JA, Brindis RG, Hendel RC, Douglas PS, Peterson ED, Wolk MJ, Allen JM, Raskin IE. ACCF proposed method for evaluating the appropriateness of cardiovascular imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:1606–13.,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 1475–1497, Oct. 2006.
[90] U. J. Schoepf, P. L. Zwerner, G. Savino, C. Herzog, J. M. Kerl, and P. Costello, “Coronary CT Angiography,” Radiology, vol. 244, no. 1, pp. 48–63, Jul. 2007.
[91] S. Achenbach, “Cardiac CT: State of the art for the detection of coronary arterial stenosis,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3–20, Jul. 2007.
[92] S. Schroeder et al., “Cardiac computed tomography: indications, applications, limitations, and training requirements: Report of a Writing Group deployed by the Working Group Nuclear Cardiology and Cardiac CT of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Council of Nuclear Cardiology,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 531–556, Jan. 2008.
[93] M. P. Ostrom et al., “Mortality Incidence and the Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis Assessed by Computed Tomography Angiography,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 52, no. 16, pp. 1335–1343, Oct. 2008.
[94] J. K. Min et al., “Prognostic Value of Multidetector Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography for Prediction of All-Cause Mortality,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 1161–1170, Sep. 2007.
[95] A. C. Weustink et al., “Optimal Electrocardiographic Pulsing Windows and Heart Rate: Effect on Image Quality and Radiation Exposure at Dual-Source Coronary CT Angiography,” Radiology, vol. 248, no. 3, pp. 792–798, Sep. 2008.
[96] S. Leschka et al., “Image Quality and Reconstruction Intervals of Dual-Source CT Coronary Angiography: Recommendations for ECG-Pulsing Windowing,” Invest. Radiol., vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 543–549, Aug. 2007.
[97] M. B. Srichai, E. M. Hecht, D. Kim, J. Babb, J. Bod, and J. E. Jacobs, “Dual-source computed tomography angiography image quality in patients with fast heart rates,” J. Cardiovasc. Comput. Tomogr., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 300–309, Sep. 2009.
[98] M. H. K. Hoffmann et al., “Noninvasive coronary angiography with 16-detector row CT: effect of heart rate,” Radiology, vol. 234, no. 1, pp. 86–97, 2005.
[99] T. A. Bley et al., “Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography With 370- Millisecond Gantry Rotation Time: Evaluation of the Best Image Reconstruction Interval,” J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1–5, Jan. 2005.
[100] B. J. Wintersperger et al., “Image Quality, Motion Artifacts, and Reconstruction Timing of 64-Slice Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography With 0.33- Second Rotation Speed,” Invest. Radiol., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 436–442, May 2006.
[101] H. Seifarth et al., “Optimal Systolic and Diastolic Reconstruction Windows for Coronary CT Angiography Using Dual-Source CT,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 189, no. 6, pp. 1317–1323, Dec. 2007.
[102] N. Matsuura et al., “Optimal Cardiac Phase for Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring on Single-Source 64-MDCT Scanner: Least Interscan Variability and Least Motion Artifacts,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 190, no. 6, pp. 1561–1568, Jun. 2008.
[103] R. Goetti et al., “High-pitch dual-source CT coronary angiography: Systolic data acquisition at high heart rates,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 2565–2571, 2010.
[104] Y. Horii et al., “Relationship between Heart Rate and Optimal Reconstruction Phase in Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography,” Acad. Radiol., vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 726–730, 2011.
[105] S. Schroeder et al., “Influence of heart rate on vessel visibility in noninvasive coronary angiography using new multislice computed tomography. Experience in 94 patients,” Clin. Imaging, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 106–111, 2002.
[106] G. Adler, L. Meille, A. Rohnean, A. Sigal-Cinqualbre, A. Capderou, and J. F. Paul, “Robustness of end-systolic reconstructions in coronary dual-source CT angiography for high heart rate patients,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 1118– 1123, 2010.
[107] F. Bamberg et al., “Systolic acquisition of coronary dual-source computed tomography angiography: feasibility in an unselected patient population,” Eur. Radiol., vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1331–1336, Jun. 2010.
[108] R. Manzke, T. Köhler, T. Nielsen, D. Hawkes, and M. Grass, “Automatic phase determination for retrospectively gated cardiac CT,” Med. Phys., vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 3345–3362, Nov. 2004.
[109] S. Leschka et al., “Noninvasive Coronary Angiography with 64-Section CT: Effect of Average Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability on Image Quality,” Radiology, vol. 241, no. 2, pp. 378–385, Nov. 2006.
[110] L. Husmann et al., “Feasibility of low-dose coronary CT angiography: first experience with prospective ECG-gating,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 191– 197, Dec. 2007.
[111] P. Stolzmann et al., “Dual-Source CT in Step-and-Shoot Mode: Noninvasive Coronary Angiography with Low Radiation Dose 1 ,” Radiology, vol. 249, no. 1, pp. 71–80, Oct. 2008.
[112] B. A. Herzog et al., “First head-to-head comparison of effective radiation dose from low-dose 64-slice CT with prospective ECG-triggering versus invasive coronary angiography,” Heart, vol. 95, no. 20, pp. 1656–1661, Oct. 2009.
[113] P. Schoenhagen, “Back to the future: coronary CT angiography using prospective ECG triggering,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 153–154, Dec. 2007.
[114] G. Pontone et al., “Diagnostic Accuracy of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 346–355, Jul. 2009.
[115] B. Huang, J. Li, M. W.-M. Law, J. Zhang, Y. Shen, and P. L. Khong, “Radiation dose and cancer risk in retrospectively and prospectively ECG-gated coronary angiography using 64-slice multidetector CT,” Br. J. Radiol., vol. 83, no. 986, pp. 152–158, Feb. 2010.
[116] P. Stolzmann et al., “Prospective and retrospective ECG-gating for CT coronary angiography perform similarly accurate at low heart rates,” Eur. J. Radiol., vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 85–91, Jul. 2011.
[117] Y. J. Hong et al., “Low-dose coronary computed tomography angiography using prospective ECG-triggering compared to invasive coronary angiography,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 425–431, Mar. 2011.
[118] E. Ünal et al., “Comparison of image quality and radiation dose between prospectively ECG-triggered and retrospectively ECG-gated CT angiography: Establishing heart rate cut-off values in first-generation dual-source CT.,” Anatol. J. Cardiol., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 759–64, Sep. 2015.
[119] T. Maruyama, M. Takada, T. Hasuike, A. Yoshikawa, E. Namimatsu, and T. Yoshizumi, “Radiation Dose Reduction and Coronary Assessability of Prospective Electrocardiogram-Gated Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography,” J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., vol. 52, no. 18, pp. 1450–1455, Oct. 2008.
[120] “Normal Duration Times - Normal Function of the Heart - Cardiology Teaching Package - Practice Learning - Division of Nursing - The University of Nottingham.” [Online]. Available: https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/nursing/practice/resources/cardiology/function/nor mal_duration.php. [Accessed: 18-Sep-2019].
[121] F. Gaita et al., “Short QT Syndrome,” Circulation, vol. 108, no. 8, pp. 965–970, Aug. 2003.
[122] S. Viskin, “The QT interval: too long, too short or just right.,” Hear. Rhythm, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 711–5, May 2009.
[123] “ECG interpretation: Characteristics of the normal ECG (P-wave, QRS complex, ST segment, T-wave) – ECG learning.” [Online]. Available: https://ecgwaves.com/ecg-topic/ecg-normal-p-wave-qrs-complex-st-segment-twave-j-point/. [Accessed: 18-Sep-2019].
[124] A. Sodickson et al., “Recurrent CT, Cumulative Radiation Exposure, and Associated Radiation-induced Cancer Risks from CT of Adults,” Radiology, vol. 251, no. 1, pp. 175–184, Apr. 2009.
[125] A. Berrington de González et al., “Projected Cancer Risks From Computed Tomographic Scans Performed in the United States in 2007,” Arch. Intern. Med., vol. 169, no. 22, p. 2071, Dec. 2009.
[126] D. J. Brenner and E. J. Hall, “Computed Tomography — An Increasing Source of Radiation Exposure,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 357, no. 22, pp. 2277–2284, Nov. 2007.
[127] D. Ropers et al., “Detection of Coronary Artery Stenoses With Thin-Slice MultiDetector Row Spiral Computed Tomography and Multiplanar Reconstruction,” Circulation, vol. 107, no. 5, pp. 664–666, Feb. 2003.
[128] C. Martini et al., “Dose reduction in spiral CT coronary angiography with dualsource equipment. Part I. A phantom study applying different prospective tube current modulation algorithms,” Radiol. Med., vol. 114, no. 7, pp. 1037–1052, Oct. 2009.
[129] T. Flohr, K. Stierstorfer, R. Raupach, S. Ulzheimer, and H. Bruder, “Performance Evaluation of a 64-Slice CT System with z-Flying Focal Spot,” RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der Bildgeb. Verfahren, vol. 176, no. 12, pp. 1803–1810, Dec. 2004.
[130] A. B. Lee et al., “Coronary image quality of 320-MDCT in patients with heart rates above 65 beats per minute: Preliminary experience,” Am. J. Roentgenol., vol. 196, no. 6, Jun. 2011.
[131] G. Shirota et al., “Pediatric 320-row cardiac computed tomography using electrocardiogram-gated model-based full iterative reconstruction,” Pediatr. Radiol., pp. 1–8, 2017.
[132] A. Moscariello et al., “Coronary CT angiography: image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and potential for radiation dose reduction using a novel iterative image reconstruction technique-comparison with traditional filtered back projection,” Eur Radiol, vol. 21, pp. 2130–2138, 2011.
[133] O. Gosling et al., “A comparison of radiation doses between state-of-the-art multislice CT coronary angiography with iterative reconstruction, multislice CT coronary angiography with standard filtered back-projection and invasive diagnostic coronary angiography,” Heart, vol. 96, no. 12, pp. 922–926, 2010.
[134] Y. Funama et al., “Improved Estimation of Coronary Plaque and Luminal Attenuation Using a Vendor-specific Model-based Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm in Contrast-enhanced CT Coronary Angiography,” Acad. Radiol., vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 1070–1078, 2017.
[135] M. Kidoh et al., “The effect of heart rate on coronary plaque measurements in 320- row coronary CT angiography,” Int. J. Cardiovasc. Imaging, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 1977–1985, 2018.
[136] G. Pontone et al., “Impact of a New Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction (ASIR)-V Algorithm on Image Quality in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography,” Acad. Radiol., vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1305–1313, 2018.
[137] N. Tomizawa, T. Nojo, M. Akahane, R. Torigoe, S. Kiryu, and K. Ohtomo, “AdaptiveIterative Dose Reduction in coronary CT angiography using 320-row CT: assessment of radiation dose reduction and image quality,” J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 318–324, 2012.
論文の公開元へ
