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Identification of the mechanism of AmeloD gene regulation during tooth development

SHAHAD ABDULLAH AL THAMIN 東北大学

2021.09.24

概要

The epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are essential for the initiation and regulation of the development of teeth. Following the initiation of tooth morphogenesis, numerous growth factors are secreted by the dental epithelium and mesenchyme that play critical roles in cellular differentiation. During tooth development, the dental epithelial stem cells differentiate into several cell types, including inner enamel epithelial cells, which then differentiate into enamel matrix-secreting ameloblasts. Recently, we reported a novel basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor, AmeloD, that is actively engaged in the development of teeth as a regulator of dental epithelial cell motility. However, the gene regulation mechanism of AmeloD is still unknown. In this study, I aimed to uncover the mechanisms regulating AmeloD expression during tooth development. By screening growth factors that are important in the early stages of tooth formation, I found that TGF-β1 induced AmeloD expression and ameloblast differentiation in the dental epithelial cell line, SF2. TGF-β1 phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 to induce AmeloD expression, whereas treatment with the MEK inhibitor, U0126, inhibited AmeloD induction. Promoter analysis of AmeloD revealed that the proximal promoter of AmeloD showed high activity in dental epithelial cell lines, which was enhanced following TGF-β1 stimulation. These results suggested that TGF-β1 activates AmeloD transcription via ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms that govern inner enamel epithelium differentiation.

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参考文献

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