1. Einstein GO, McDaniel MA. Normal aging and prospective mem- ory. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 16: 717-726, 1990.
2. Shum D, Valentine M, Cutmore T. Performance of individuals with severe long-term traumatic brain injury on time-, event-, and activity-based prospective memory tasks. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 21: 49-58, 1999.
3. Smith G, Della Sala S, Logie RH, Maylor EA. Prospective and retrospective memory in normal ageing and dementia: a question- naire study. Memory 8: 311-321, 2000.
4. Ruet A, Deloire M, Charré-Morin J, Hamel D, Brochet B. Cogni- tive impairment differs between primary progressive and relapsing- remitting MS. Neurology 80: 1501-1508, 2013.
5. Chiaravalloti ND, DeLuca J. Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 7: 1139-1151, 2008.
6. Di Filippo M, Portaccio E, Mancini A, Calabresi P. Multiple scle- rosis and cognition: synaptic failure and network dysfunction. Nat Rev Neurosci 19: 599-609, 2018.
7. Dagenais E, Rouleau I, Tremblay A, et al. Prospective memory in multiple sclerosis: the impact of cue distinctiveness and executive functioning. Brain Cogn 109: 66-74, 2016.
8. Calabrese M, Magliozzi R, Ciccarelli O, Geurts JJ, Reynolds R, Martin R. Exploring the origins of grey matter damage in multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurosci 16: 147-158, 2015.
9. Matias-Guiu JA, Cortes-Martinez A, Montero P, et al. Identifica- tion of cortical and subcortical correlates of cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis using voxel-based morphometry. Front Neurol 9: 920, 2018.
10. Pitteri M, Dapor C, Pisani AI, et al. Executive functioning affects verbal learning process in multiple sclerosis patients: behavioural and imaging results. J Neuropsychol. Forthcoming.
11. Sicotte NL, Kern KC, Giesser BS, et al. Regional hippocampal at- rophy in multiple sclerosis. Brain 131: 1134-1141, 2008.
12. Tekok-Kilic A, Benedict RH, Weinstock-Guttman B, et al. Inde- pendent contributions of cortical gray matter atrophy and ventricle enlargement for predicting neuropsychological impairment in mul- tiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 36: 1294-1300, 2007.
13. Weier K, Penner IK, Magon S, et al. Cerebellar abnormalities con- tribute to disability including cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 9: e86916, 2014.
14. Kawachi I, Nishizawa M. Significance of gray matter brain lesions in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. Neuropathology 35: 481-486, 2015.
15. Polman CH, Reingold SC, Banwell B, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann Neurol 69: 292-302, 2011.
16. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12: 189-198, 1975.
17. Rao SM, Leo GJ, Bernardin L, Unverzagt F. Cognitive dysfunc- tion in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and prediction. Neurology 41: 685-691, 1991.
18. Wilson BA, Cockburn J, Baddeley A. Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test. London: Thames Valley Test Company 1985.
19. Tsoi KK, Chan JY, Hirai HW, Wong SY, Kwok TC. Cognitive tests to detect dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 175: 1450-1458, 2015.
20. Mai JK, Majtanik M, Paxinos G. Atlas of the Human Brain. 4th ed. Academic Press, San Diego, California, 2015.
21. Cohen JD, O’Reilly RC. Prospective Memory: Theory and Appli- cations. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 1996.
22. Cona G, Scarpazza C, Sartori G, Moscovitch M, Bisiacchi PS. Neural bases of prospective memory: a meta-analysis and the “At- tention to Delayed Intention” (AtoDI) model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 52: 21-37, 2015.
23. McCauley SR, Wilde EA, Bigler ED, et al. Diffusion tensor imag- ing of incentive effects in prospective memory after pediatric trau- matic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 28: 503-516, 2011.
24. Kondo K, Maruishi M, Ueno H, et al. The pathophysiology of prospective memory failure after diffuse axonal injury-lesion- symptom analysis using diffusion tensor imaging. BMC Neurosci 11: 147, 2010.
25. Treble-Barna A, Juranek J, Stuebing KK, Cirino PT, Dennis M, Fletcher JM. Prospective and episodic memory in relation to hip- pocampal volume in adults with spina bifida myelomeningocele. Neuropsychology 29: 92-101, 2015.
26. Rouleau I, Dagenais E, Tremblay A, et al. Prospective memory impairment in multiple sclerosis: a review. Clin Neuropsychol 32: 922-936, 2018.
27. Rendell PG, Jensen F, Henry JD. Prospective memory in multiple sclerosis. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 13: 410-416, 2007.
28. Kardiasmenos KS, Clawson DM, Wilken JA, Wallin MT. Prospec- tive memory and the efficacy of a memory strategy in multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychology 22: 746-754, 2008.
29. Pardini M, Bergamino M, Bommarito G, Bonzano L, Luigi Mancardi G, Roccatagliata L. Structural correlates of subjec- tive and objective memory performance in multiple sclerosis. Hip- pocampus 24: 436-445, 2014.
30. Kappos L, De Stefano N, Freedman MS, et al. Inclusion of brain volume loss in a revised measure of ‘no evidence of disease activ- ity’(NEDA-4) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 22: 1297-1305, 2016.
31. Sanfilipo MP, Benedict RH, Sharma J, Weinstock-Guttman B, Bakshi R. The relationship between whole brain volume and dis- ability in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of normalized gray vs. white matter with misclassification correction. Neuroimage 26: 1068-1077, 2005.
32. Akaishi T, Nakashima I, Mugikura S, Aoki M, Fujihara K. Whole brain and grey matter volume of Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 306: 68-75, 2017.
33. Calabrese M, Agosta F, Rinaldi F, et al. Cortical lesions and atro- phy associated with cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 66: 1144-1150, 2009.
34. Stys PK, Zamponi GW, van Minnen J, Geurts JJ. Will the real multiple sclerosis please stand up? Nat Rev Neurosci 13: 507-514, 2012.
35. Campbell GR, Ziabreva I, Reeve AK, et al. Mitochondrial DNA deletions and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 69: 481-492, 2011.
36. Wegner C, Esiri MM, Chance SA, Palace J, Matthews PM. Neo- cortical neuronal, synaptic, and glial loss in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 67: 960-967, 2006.
37. Lucchinetti CF, Popescu BF, Bunyan RF, et al. Inflammatory corti- cal demyelination in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 365: 2188-2197, 2011.