論文の公開元へIncreased blood group 2 innate lymphoid cells are associated with the clinical severity of Kimura disease.
概要
Dear Editor,
Kimura disease (KD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by general itching, subcutaneous head and neck mass lesions with tissue eosinophilia, blood eosinophilia, and elevated serum IgE levels.1 KD is a rare disorder, and only 238 cases have been reported worldwide in the last 30 years.2 Although the mass lesions are eradicated by surgery and steroid therapy, the disease frequently recurs. The precise etiology of this disease is unknown. Several researchers have reported the role of type 2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of KD; interleukin (IL) -4- and IL-5-expressing mast cells and T cells accumulate in local lesions,3 and the mRNA expressions encoding IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were positively correlated with the number of blood eosinophils.4
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been identified as important effector cells for eosinophilic airway inflammation such as allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma.5 ILC2s in mucosal tissues play critical roles in the induction of type 2 inflammation through the production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in response to various mediators such as prostaglandin (PG) D2 and leukotriene (LT) C4, D4, and E45 released by eosinophils and mast cells.6,7 However, the role of blood ILC2s in eosinophilic inflammation, such as KD, has not been well understood. We examined the prevalence of blood ILC2s; their ability to produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31; and serum concentrations of these type 2 cytokines in patients with KD compared with those in patients with HDM-induced AR and control subjects (Supplementary Methods).
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