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Effects of Deep-sea Anoxic Events on Thrust Faulting in Subduction Zone : Insights from the Jurassic Accretionary Complex in the Chichibu and Mino Belts

DING, Wang 筑波大学 DOI:10.15068/0002001034

2021.08.17

概要

Pelagic sedimentary rocks in accretionary complexes record environmental changes during the oceanic plate migration from mid-oceanic ridge to trench. Recent studies have demonstrated that plate boundary faulting at shallow depth is highly localized along the characteristic lithology in pelagic sediments. However, it remains unknown whether shear localization also occurs in deeper portions. To elucidate the relationship between the environmental changes and the thrust faulting processes in subduction zone, I examined the pelagic sedimentary rocks in the Jurassic accretionary complex of the Chichibu and Mino Belts, central Japan.

In Lake Hamana area of the Chichibu Belt, the pelagic sedimentary rocks in the Jurassic accretionary complex preserve the lithostratigraphy composed of Lopingian (Upper Permian) gray chert, black chert, black claystone with a high carbon content of 4.86–6.78 wt%, siliceous claystone, black chert, and Anisian (Middle Triassic) gray chert, in ascending order. The symmetric in the lithostratigraphy and the change in the radiolarian ages with respect to black carbonaceous claystone are presumed to represent the deep-sea anoxic event that occurred across the Permian–Triassic boundary. The black carbonaceous claystone suffered from an intense shear, resulting in blocks of siliceous claystone in the scaly black claystone matrix. The localization of shear along black carbonaceous claystone likely represents lower frictional strength of clay-rich rocks than surrounding quartz-rich siliceous rocks.

In Inuyama area of the Mino Belt, the coherent chert-clastic rocks are imbricated along the thrust faults branched from the plate-boundary fault. The stratigraphy at the lowermost part of the thrust sheet consists of, in ascending order, black carbonaceous claystone, siliceous claystone, black chert, and gray chert, representing the Early to Middle Triassic recovery from the deep-sea superanoxia. The detailed field mapping of the fault zone at the lowermost part of the thrust sheet indicates the localization of shear along black carbonaceous claystone layers, which is marked by intensely developed scaly fabric. The discrete slip surface developed within the black carbonaceous claystone. The Raman spectra of carbonaceous material demonstrate a slight increase of carbonization on the discrete slip surface relative to the surrounding scaly carbonaceous claystone, suggesting a temperature increase during localized slip.

These results indicate that the localization of thrust faulting also occurred in deeper portions of the subduction zone and is intimately linked to the black carbonaceous claystone accumulated during deep-sea anoxic events. The increased heating recorded on the discrete slip surface may be accommodated by a seismic slip in deeper portions of the subduction zone.

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