Molecular design of dendrimers with anionic terminal groups for delivery to various lymph node-resident cells

概要

1.1. Background of cancer immunotherapy and imaging of metastatic cancer in
sentinel lymph nodes
Cancer is a global issue that greatly affects developing and developed countries.
Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has reported that
7.6 million deaths worldwide were due to cancer. Likewise, 12.7 million new cases are
estimated per year [1]. The hallmarks of cancer include independence from growth
signals, uncontrolled replication, evasion of apoptosis, sustained angiogenesis, and
the capacity to penetrate other tissues, which is known as metastasis [2].
Different conventional treatment modalities are available to treat and manage
cancer. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are some of the traditional and most
widely used treatment options. However, the success of treatment depends on the
type of cancer, locality of tumor, and its stage of progression. Cancer immunotherapy
has become an established pillar of cancer treatment, which improves the prognosis of
many patients with a broad variety of hematological and solid malignancies [3]. The
two main drivers behind this success are immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and
chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, which allow the body's own T cells to find and
kill cancer cells [4, 5]. ...

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