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乗馬経験者と初心者に騎乗された馬の騎乗時心拍数の比較

齊藤 朋子 立川 友梨香 帯広畜産大学

2022.02.28

概要

乗馬を楽しむ場合、騎乗者は自分の技術レベルに応じた馬に乗ることが、安全のために重要である。そのため、技術レベルを客観的に示すことができる指標があれば、乗馬時の事故減少に役立つ可能性がある。このことから、本研究では騎乗された馬の心拍と騎乗者の技術レベルとの関連を調査し、騎乗者の技術レベルの指標としての馬の心拍の活用を検討した。2016年9月から10月にかけて、芽室町の牧場で実験を行った。北海道和種系馬2頭(6才去勢馬と3才牝馬)を供試した。騎乗者は、乗馬経験が5鞍程度の初心者3名と乗馬経験が2年以上の経験者3名の計6名だった。全ての騎乗者は両方の馬に騎乗した。実験は、騎乗者の乗馬経験に応じて2種類実施した。実験の前後に安静時心拍を5分間計測した。初心者と経験者に騎乗されたとき、心拍数に差がみられた馬がいたことから、適切な馬を選定すれば、馬の心拍数から騎乗者の技術レベルが見分けられる可能性があることが示唆された。また、心拍数より、安静時に対する心拍数変化率のほうが、騎乗者の技術レベルを見分けやすいことが示された。本研究で使用した供試馬より、さらに経験豊富な20才前後の馬や、乗馬施設で利用されることの多い様々な品種で実験を行い、データを収集できれば、より正確に騎乗者の技術レベルを判定する方法が開発できる可能性が示唆された。
When enjoying horseback riding, it is important for the rider to ride a horse according to rider’s skill level for safety. Therefore, if there is an index that can objectively show the rider’s technical level, it may be useful for reducing accidents during horseback riding. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between the heart rate of the horse and the skill level of the rider, and examined whether the heart rate of the horse could be used as an index of the skill level of the rider. From September to October 2016, experiments were conducted at a ranch in Memuro. Mixed breed pony (6 years old gelding) and Hokkaido native horse (3 years old mare) were tested. There were a total of 6 riders, 3 beginner riders who have ridden horse about only 5 times and 3 experienced riders with more than 2 years of riding experience. All riders rode on both horses. Two types of experiments were conducted depending on the riding experience of the rider. The heart rate of resting time as baseline was measured for 5 minutes before the experiment. There was a difference in heart rate between beginner and experienced horses, so if selecting the horse, there will be possibility to show the rider's skill level from the horse's heart rate. It was also found that the rate of change in heart rate during exercise relative to heart rate during resting time is easier to distinguish the skill level of the rider than the heart rate. As a future task, rider’s riding skills would be estimated more accurate if we could collect data by conducting experiments with more experienced horses around the age of 20 and various varieties that are often used in equestrian facilities, rather than the test horses used in this study.

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参考文献

When enjoying horseback riding, it is important for

Ball G. C., Ball E. J., Kirkpatrick W. A., Mulloy

the rider to ride a horse according to rider’s skill level for

H. R., 2007. Equestrian injuries: incidence,

safety. Therefore, if there is an index that can objectively

injury patterns, and risk factors for 10 years

show the rider’s technical level, it may be useful for reducing

58

齊藤朋子・立川友梨香

accidents during horseback riding. Therefore, in this study,

we investigated the relationship between the heart rate of the

horse and the skill level of the rider, and examined whether

the heart rate of the horse could be used as an index of the

skill level of the rider. From September to October 2016,

experiments were conducted at a ranch in Memuro. Mixed

breed pony (6 years old gelding) and Hokkaido native horse

(3 years old mare) were tested. There were a total of 6

riders, 3 beginner riders who have ridden horse about only

5 times and 3 experienced riders with more than 2 years of

riding experience. All riders rode on both horses. Two types

of experiments were conducted depending on the riding

experience of the rider. The heart rate of resting time as

baseline was measured for 5 minutes before the experiment.

There was a difference in heart rate between beginner and

experienced horses, so if selecting the horse, there will be

possibility to show the rider's skill level from the horse's heart

rate. It was also found that the rate of change in heart rate

during exercise relative to heart rate during resting time is

easier to distinguish the skill level of the rider than the heart

rate. As a future task, rider’s riding skills would be estimated

more accurate if we could collect data by conducting

experiments with more experienced horses around the age

of 20 and various varieties that are often used in equestrian

facilities, rather than the test horses used in this study.

Key words: Horseback riding, beginner rider,

experienced rider, heart rate, comparison

59

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