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Reconstruction of the Cretaceous and Paleogene Lithostratigraphy of the Fergana Basin, Uzbekistan: Paleoenvironmental Change Related with the Development of the proto-Paratethys Sea

ANVAROV OTABEK, ULUGBEK OGLI 筑波大学 DOI:10.15068/0002006193

2023.01.17

概要

The Fergana Basin which is in the eastern part of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Central Asia has a unique importance in both geological and resources aspects. The history of the studies about the basin dates back to the end of the 19th century by Russian scientists. Because of the rich resources, the interest in research related to the geology of the basin increased from the 1930s to the 50s of the 20th century as it was colonized by the Soviet Union. There was little research after the independence of Uzbekistan, but it was not introduced to the world. Therefore, this doctoral research is dedicated to the introduction of the geology of not only the Fergana Basin but also the geology of Uzbekistan.

The aim of this research is to establish the lithostratigraphy of the Cretaceous and the Paleogene of the Fergana Basin with not only the field observation but also the methods such as stable isotope analysis which was used for the first time in the geological research of the basin.

The first chapter focuses on sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous distributed on basins of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and geological correlation between the Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Kyzylkum region where dinosaur fossils had been reported recently and that of the Fergana basin. In this chapter, not only the Cretaceous period but also the general geology of the Republic of Uzbekistan will be introduced. As noted above most of the previous research was in Russian, therefore this chapter will be a review of the correlations to the new lithostratigraphic data which was obtained from the northern part of the Fergana Basin. The most important point is the geological correlation between the Cretaceous Formation distributed in the Kyzylkum Desert which is famous for its diverse fossil content and that of the Fergana Basin.

The second chapter will address to Paleogene period of the Fergana Basin. The lithostratigraphy and isotopic compositions of the Paleogene sequences consisting mainly of terrestrial clastics with limestone were examined in the northern part of the Fergana Basin. Altogether four sections were studied at three localities near the Chust city, Namangan Region. The studied sequences consist of two facies: coarse-grained terrestrial clastics in the lower section and limestone-clastic sequences characterized by intercalated limestone beds in the upper section. The results showed that the sulfur isotopic composition of the bivalve yielding from the lower sequence has a lower composition of 14.94–16.82 ‰. This isotopic composition is equivalent to that of the Early Cretaceous; however, it is possible that the isotope composition recorded different values from open seawater by terrestrial clastics and freshwater effect, and therefore this lower section was also mentioned in the first chapter. The sulfur isotope value of the limestones consisting of the limestone–clastic sequence indicates a higher composition of 19.37‰–21.19‰, and it is likely that the limestones were assigned to be in the early Eocene. On the other hand, the strontium isotope compositions of the lower and upper sequences were 0.707772–0.707875 and 0.707812–0.708063, respectively. These values are more like those of the Paleogene than those of the Cretaceous. The lithostratigraphy and age determination allowed to correlate the upper limestoneclastic sequence with representative limestone of the fourth transgression of the protoParatethys Sea. Therefore, in a conclusion, the limestone beds are considered as the remnants of the Eocene marine incursion of the proto-Paratethys.

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