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Alteration and Stability of Complex Macromolecular Amino Acid Precursors in Hydrothermal Environments

Elmasry Walaa Kebukawa Yoko 70725374 Kaneko Takeo 50191987 Obayashi Yumiko 60380284 Fukuda Hitoshi Oguri Yoshiyuki 90160829 Kobayashi Kensei 20183808 横浜国立大学

2020.04.20

概要

The early Solar System comprised a broad area of abiotically created organic compounds, including interstellar organics which were integrated into planetesimals and parent bodies of meteorites, and eventually delivered to the early Earth. In this study, we simulated interstellar complex organic compounds synthesized by proton irradiation of a gas mixture of CO, NH3, and H2O, which are known to release amino acids after acid hydrolysis on the basis of Kobayashi et al. (1999) who reported that at the first stage of chemical evolution, the main compounds formed abiotically are complex organic compounds with high molecular weights. We examined their possible hydrothermal alteration and stabilities as amino acid precursors under high temperature and pressure conditions simulating parent bodies of meteorites by using an autoclave. We reported that all samples treated at 200–300 °C predominantly released glycine and alanine, followed by α-aminobutyric acid, and serine. After heating, amino acid concentrations decreased in general; however, the recovery ratios of γ-aminobutyric acid increased with temperature. The interstellar complex organic analog could maintain as amino acid precursors after being treated at high temperature (200–300 °C) and pressure (8–14 MPa). However, the molecular structures were altered during heating to form organic compounds that are more stable and can survive in elevated hydrothermal conditions.

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