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Figure Legend
Fig. 1 Classical model and Myeloid-based model of hematopoiesis
In classical model, HSC differentiate into CMP and CLP. On the other hand, in myeloidbased model, HSC differentiate into myelo-lymphoid progenitor (MLP) having no
erythroid potential. MLP differentiate into M-T progenitor and M-B progenitor, and
proposing that CLP stage does not exist.
Fig. 2 Lineage clustering by barcoding
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cited from Fig 4F of Weinreb et al. Science 367, eaaw3381 (2020)
Fig. 3 Myeloid-based model and mixed phenotype leukemia
There exist various types of leukemia intermediate exhibiting T-myeloid, B-myeloid, Ermyeloid, and Eo-myeloid phenotype. The presence of these mixed types is compatible
with myeloid based model.
Fig. 4 Myeloid lineage has been conserved among metazoan
Invertebrates lack erythroid, T, and B lineage, but myeloid cells has been conserved as
phagocytes even in sponge.
Ph, phagocyte; Gr, granulocyte; Thr, thrombocyte; Er, erythrocyte; T, T-cell; B, B-cell
Fig. 5 Comparison of B cell in bony fish and mammal
B cell of bony fish resembles B-1 cell of mammal in terms of absence of class switch
recombination and potential of phagocytosis.
*macrophages differentiated from B-1 cells have phagocytic activity
Fig. 6 Myeloid potential is retained after loss of B-cell potential in T-cell differentiation
pathway
Fig. 7 Hypothesis of evolution of blood cells
Most ancient ancestor of animal like sponge may have acquired phagocyte. Next, ancestor
of bilateria is thought to have acquired granulocyte. In ancestor of vertebrate, T cell and
B cell are thought to have evolved from branch with macrophage/neutrophil and while
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erythrocyte
and
megakaryocyte
from
branch
of
granulocyte
representing
eosinophil/basophil. It is possible that megakaryocyte is also originated from the stage
earlier than segregation towards Deuterostomia and Protostomia, since some animals in either
branch carry hemocytes with hemostatic activity.
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Fig 1
B. Myeloid-based model
Classical model
◎今
(CLP)
Common
lymphoid
progenitors
ME
METB
(MEP)
TB
(CMEP)
METB
②今
ME
Myelo-erythroid
progenitors
00
Common
myelo-erythroid
progenitors
゜令
A.
MT
MTB
(MLP)
Myelo-lymphoid
progenitors
MB
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Fig 2
lcouplin
(obser
ed/expe ed)
0.
31
~2
li:lJ)lN
︱18J1
︱1aJ9
︱18JJ!l!JPUacJ
a}k8UOl'J
晨 0セ~nN
豆dos~a
s﹂Ol!U830Jd
呈8主を
or
hr
Neut
De
dr
cc
Bc
NKce
Tce
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Fig 3
T cell
T ALL
M-T MPAL
ETP leukemia
B ALL
AML
AML M4Eo
eosinophil
B cell
M-B MPAL
AML M6
erythrocyte
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． ．
．．
．．
．．．
Fig 4
Vertebrate
Chordate
Deuterostomia
Mammal (human, mouse)
Aves (bird)
Reptilia (crocodile, snake)
Amphibia (frog)
Osteichthyes (fish)
Chondrichthyes (shark)
Agnatha (lamprey)
Urochordate (tunicate)
Echinoderm (star fish, sea urchin)
Protostomia
Bilateria
Metazoa
Ph
Arthropod (onsect, spider, shrimp)
Nematoda (roundworm)
Annelida (earthworm)
Mollusca (octopus, shell)
Sponge
Gr
Thr
Er
．．
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Fig 5
recombination
Ig class
Class switch
Phagocytosis
B cell of
bony fish
IgM, IgD
B-1 cell of
mammal
IgM, IgD
〇*
B-2 cell of
mammal
IgM, IgD,
IgG, IgE, IgA
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Fig 6
Er
BM
HSC
(M-E-T-B)
LMPP
(M-T-B)
thymus
DN1/2 cell
(M-T)
~ · ◎-◎
~·~
I↓ ↓ T
◎ ~~
B cell myeloid cell myeloid cell
DN3-DP cell SP T cell peripheral T cell
(T)
(T)
(T)
TCR V-D-J
recombination
T-lineage determination
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Chordate
Deuterostomia
Bilateria
fish
sponge
◎ 噛 ＠
Ancestor of bilateria
thrombocyte
Ancestor of metazoa
phagocyte
hemoblast
granulocyte
macrophage
HSC
fly
erythrocyte
Protostomia
megakaryocyte /
thrombocyte
sea star
Ancestor of vertebrate
sea s quirt
⑱:
Vertebrate
亀一
9*人“
Metazoa
Fig 7
eosinophil / basophil
neutrophil
macrophage
B cell
macrophage
T cell
...
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