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Changjiang

CDW

Kuroshio current

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Fig.2 Nakaguchi et al

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(A)

(D)

(B)

(C)

(E)

(G)

(F)

(H)

Fig.3 Nakaguchi et al

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(A)

AND26 AND31

(B)

AND06

AND34

(C)

(D)

(E)

(F)

(G)

Fig.4 Nakaguchi et al

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(B)

(A)

(D)

(G)

(C)

(E)

(F)

(H)

(I)

Fig.5 Nakaguchi et al

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(A)

AND26 AND31

(B)

AND06

AND34

(C)

(D)

(E)

(F)

(G)

(H)

(I)

Fig.6 Nakaguchi et al

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(A)

(D)

(B)

(C)

(E)

Fig.7 Nakaguchi et al

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(A)

AND26 AND31

(C)

(B)

AND06

AND34

(D)

(E)

Fig.8 Nakaguchi et al

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(B)

(A)

(D)

(C)

(E)

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(A)

(B)

(C)

dNi = (2.39 ± 0.10) PO4

+ (2.23 ± 0.22) r2 = 0.95

(D)

(E)

dZn = (3.07±0.18) PO4

– (0.08±0.40) r2 = 0.89

(F)

dCd = (0.444±0.019) PO4

– (0.093 ± 0.043) r2 = 0.94

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lpFe = (0.687±0.016) lpAl + (0.05±0.44)

r2 = 0.98

ECS

Earth crust

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(A) Shallow water < 200 m and plankton

(B) Deep water > 500 m

Fig.13

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Table

Table 1 Correlation matrix(r) of nutrients and dissolved trace metals for the pooled data collected in the East China Sea

Si(OH)4

NO3

NO2

Si(OH)4

1.00

NO3

0.95

1.00

NO2

-0.16

-0.26

1.00

PO4

dAl

dMn

dFe

dCo

dNi

dCu

dZn

dCd

dPb

0.94

-0.90

0.20

0.29

0.04

0.99

0.92

0.99

0.98

-0.92

1.00

-0.90

0.21

0.81

0.61

0.98

0.82

0.96

0.98

-0.79

-0.27

0.12

-0.14

-0.38

-0.33

-0.20

-0.08

-0.16

-0.20

0.02

Bold values indicate p values less than 0.05

PO4

dAl

dMn

dFe

dCo

dNi

dCu

dZn

dCd

dPb

1.00

-0.89

0.26

0.75

0.51

0.97

0.81

0.95

0.97

-0.86

1.00

-0.19

-0.62

-0.37

-0.90

-0.79

-0.88

-0.90

-0.82

1.00

0.22

0.10

0.22

0.16

0.24

0.24

0.32

1.00

0.79

0.71

0.45

0.62

0.68

-0.36

1.00

0.48

0.23

0.40

0.46

-0.15

1.00

0.90

0.99

1.00

-0.86

1.00

0.92

0.92

-0.85

1.00

0.99

-0.89

1.00

-0.88

1.00

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Table 2 The lpM/tdM ratios for Al, Mn, Fe, Co, and Pb in the East China Sea and the North Pacific

Sample

ECS

lpAl/tdAl

All

depth

< 400

> 400

North Pacific*

lpMn/tdMn

AVE ± SD

AVE ± SD

49

0.57 ± 0.32

56

0.41 ± 0.23

26

0.33 ± 0.26

33

0.30 ± 0.21

23

0.84 ± 0.09

23

0.58 ± 0.14

489

0.66 ± 0.31

628

0.24 ± 0.24

*Zheng et al., 2019; Zheng and Sohrin, 2019

lpFe/tdFe

AVE ±

SD

0.74 ±

63

0.18

0.65 ±

40

0.16

0.89 ±

23

0.06

0.64 ±

625

0.23

lpCo/tdCo

lpPb/tdPb

AVE ± SD

AVE ± SD

47

0.30 ± 0.23

58

0.15 ± 0.17

40

0.32 ± 0.27

35

0.12 ± 0.17

17

0.23 ± 0.14

23

0.20 ± 0.16

620

0.12 ± 0.18

575

0.02 ± 0.08

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Table 3 Correlation coefficients (r) among libile particulate species

(A) all data

lpAl

lpMn

lpAl

1.00

lpMn

1.00

0.96

lpFe

0.90

0.88

lpCo

0.99

0.95

lpPb

0.98

0.97

(B) data except AND26

lpFe

lpCo

lpPb

1.00

0.89

0.91

1.00

0.98

1.00

lpAl

1.00

0.35

0.98

0.01

0.08

lpMn

lpFe

lpCo

lpPb

1.00

0.43

0.03

0.34

1.00

0.02

0.10

1.00

0.00

1.00

lpAl

lpMn

lpFe

lpCo

lpPb

Bold values indicate p values less than 0.05

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Table 4 The enrichment factor of dMs in the East China Sea and the North Pacific

Sample

ECS

67

EF(dFe)

AVE ± SD

0.90 ± 0.90

67

EF(dCo)

AVE ± SD

71 ± 62

67

EF(dNi)

AVE ± SD

(5.4 ± 6.8)×103

All depth

67

< 400 m

44

30 ± 12

44

0.33 ± 0.19

44

33 ± 19

44

(1.3 ± 0.5)×103

> 400 m

23

126 ± 165

23

2.0 ± 0.7

23

143 ± 50

23

(1.3 ± 0.6)×104

514

514

All depth

67

(1.8 ± 2.8)×103

EF(dCd)

AVE ± SD

(6.4 ± 9.8)×104

512

67

9.1 ± 12.2

EF(dZn)

AVE ± SD

(3.8 ± 5.7)×103

508

67

(8.6 ± 13.8)×102

EF(dCu)

AVE ± SD

(1.8 ± 2.5)×103

67

(1.1 ± 1.2)×105

EF(dPb)

AVE ± SD

(3.3 ± 1.4)×102

< 400 m

44

(4.1 ± 1.4)×102

44

(4.1 ± 2.8)×102

44

(3.5 ± 5.7)×104

44

(2.6 ± 0.9)×102

> 400 m

23

(4.6 ± 2.6)×103

23

(1.0 ± 0.5)×104

23

(1.8 ± 0.9)×106

23

(4.5 ± 1.5)×102

511

(4.8 ± 4.7)×104

268

(9.3 ± 9.8)×104

508

(1.2 ± 1.5)×107

489

(6.5 ± 9.1)×103

North Pacific*

Sample

ECS

EF(dMn)

AVE ± SD

63 ± 106

North Pacific*

*Zheng et al., 2019; Zheng and Sohrin, 2019; Zheng et al., submitted

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Table 5 Concentrations of dMs and lpMs

Offshore Yangtze

River*

Al (nmol/kg)

Mn

(nmol/kg)

Fe (nmol/kg)

Co

(pmol/kg)

Ni (nmol/kg)

Cu

(nmol/kg)

Zn

(nmol/kg)

Cd

(nmol/kg)

Pb

(pmol/kg)

lp

lp

16.2

lp

lp

lp

940

22.6

lp

lp

lp

lp

*Su et al., 2017; **Cid et al., 2011

14.4

AND

26

19–24

12–

2873

2.1–2.9

1.3–49

0.3–1.3

0.76–

760

27–106

24–732

3.4–4.8

ND–2.2

0.98–

2.0

0.28–

1.1

0.60–

1.7

ND–5.5

0.03–

0.12

ND

65–104

ND–

255

Bering Sea

Shelf**

2.1–43

ND–4608

5.0–23

1.3–316

1.9–19

3.8–13 ...