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Acknowledgements
We express our sincere gratitude to Sayaka Nakamura and Ruri Kono of the Kobe University BioResource Center
for their support in this research, and express our sincere gratitude to Toyoko Katayama of Sysmex corporation for her technical support. We also express our sincere gratitude to the medical staff of Hyogo Prefectural
Kakogawa Medical Center for their cooperation in this study during the challenging task of treating patients
with COVID-19.
Author contributions
The following authors contributed equally: Y.M., K.S. and T.N. Preparation of Clinical Research Plan: Y.M.,
T.H., H.U and H.M. Obtaining consent from patients and collecting clinical sample and information: Y.M.,
T.N. and K.I. Performing basic experiments and data analysis: K.S., H.U. Writing drafts of article: Y.M. and K.S.
Supervision: K.I., H.U. and H.M. All authors agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript. Corresponding
author: H.M.
Competing interests Research funding for this study was provided by Sysmex Corporation. K.S., T.H, and H.U. are employees of
Sysmex Corporation. The other authors declare no potential conflict of interest.
Additional information
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/
10.1038/s41598-023-35505-w.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to H.M.
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