Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings with left adrenal pheochromocytoma infiltrating the spinal canal and the liver metastases in a dog

1) Adin CA, Nelson RW. Adrenal glands. In:

Veterinary surgery: small animal. Tobias KM,

Johnson SA. eds. Elsevier Saunders, St. Louis.

pp. 2033–2042, 2012.

2) Bezuidenhout AJ. Veins. In: Miller’s anatomy

of the dog, 4th ed. Evans HE, de Lahunta A,

eds. Saunders/Elsevier, St. Louis. pp. 505–

534, 2013.

3) Blake MA, Kalra MK, Maher MM, Sahani

DV, Sweeney AT, Mueller PR, Hahn PF,

Boland GW. Pheochromocytoma: an imaging

chameleon. Radiographics 24, S87–S99, 2004.

4) Elsayes KM, Menias CO, Siegel CL, Narra VR,

Kanaan Y, Hussain HK. Magnetic resonance

characterization of pheochromocytomas in

the abdomen and pelvis: imaging findings in

18 surgically proven cases. J Comput Assist

Tomogr. 34, 548–553, 2010.

5) Fernandez Y, Seth M, Murgia D. Adrenal

neoplasia in dogs: clinical and surgical

approach. Companion Animal 20, 40–45, 2015.

6) Gostelow R, Bridger N, Syme HM. Plasma-

free metanephrine and free normetanephrine

measurement for the diagnosis of

pheochromocytoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med

27, 83–90, 2013.

7) Gregor KM, Knebel A, Haverkamp AK,

Baumgärtner W, Volk H. Metastatic

canine phaeochromocytoma with unusual

manifestation. J Comp Pathol 192, 33–40,

2022.

8) Herrera MA, Mehl ML, Kass PH, Pascoe PJ,

Feldman EC, Nelson RW. Predictive factors

and the effect of phenoxybenzamine on

outcome in dogs undergoing adrenalectomy

for pheochromocytoma. J Vet Intern Med 22,

1333–1339, 2008.

9) K u l e m a n n V , S c h i m a W , T a m a n d l D ,

Kaczirek K, Gruenberger T, Wrba F, Weber

M, Ba-Ssalamah A. Preoperative detection

of colorectal liver metastases in fatty liver:

MDCT or MRI? Eur J Radiol 79, e1–e6, 2011.

10) Larson RN, Schmiedt CW, Wang A, Lawrence

J, Howerth EW, Holmes SP, Grey SW.

Adrenal gland function in a dog following

unilateral complete adrenalectomy and

contralateral partial adrenalectomy. J Am Vet

Med Assoc 242, 1398–1404, 2013.

11) Lee E, Choi BK, Lee SK, Choi J. 3.0-Tesla

MRI of normal canine adrenal glands. Vet

Radiol Ultrasoud 63, 206–215, 2022.

12) Lunn KF, Page RL. Tumors of the endocrine

system. In: Withrow and MacEwen’s small

animal clinical oncology, 5th ed. Withrow SJ,

Vail DM, Page RL. eds. Elsevier Saunders, St.

Louis. pp. 504–531, 2013.

13) Platt SR, Sheppard BJ, Graham J, Uhl EW,

Meeks J, Clemmons RM. Pheochromocytoma

in the vertebral canal of two dogs. J Am Anim

Hosp Assoc 34, 365–371, 1998.

14) Qiao HS, Feng XL, Yong L, Yong Z, Lian

ZJ, Ling LB. The MRI of extraadrenal

pheochromocytoma in the abdominal cavity.

Eur J Radiol 62, 335–341, 2007.

15) Quante S, Boretti FS, Kook PH, Mueller C,

Schellenberg S, Zini E, Sieber-Ruckstuhl

N, Reusch CE. Urinary catecholamine and

metanephrine to creatinine ratios in dogs with

hyperadrenocorticism or pheochromocytoma,

Shinya Mizutani et al.

and in healthy dogs. J Vet Intern Med 24,

1093–1097, 2010.

16) S c h u l t z R M , W i s n e r E R , J o h n s o n E G ,

MacLeod JS. Contrast-enhanced computed

tomography as a preoperative indicator of

vascular invasion from adrenal masses in

dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 50, 625–629,

2009.

17) Spall B, Chen AV, Tucker RL, Lahmers KK,

Righter DJ, Hayles J. Imaging diagnosismetastatic adrenal pheochromocytoma in a

dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 52, 534–537, 2011.

18) Yoshida O, Kutara K, Seki M, Ishigaki K,

Teshima K, Ishikawa C, Iida G, Edamura K,

Kagawa Y, Asano K. Preoperative differential

diagnosis of canine adrenal tumors using

triple-phase helical computed tomography.

Vet Surg 45,427–435, 2016.

26

...