Aungst, B. J. (2017). Optimizing Oral Bioavailability in Drug Discovery: An Overview of Design and Testing Strategies and Formulation Options. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 106(4), 921–929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2016.12.002
Baghel, S., Cathcart, H., & O’Reilly, N. J. (2016). Polymeric Amorphous Solid Dispersions: A Review of Amorphization, Crystallization, Stabilization, Solid-State Characterization, and Aqueous Solubilization of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II Drugs. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 105(9), 2527–2544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2015.10.008
Bai, S. K., Lee, S. J., Na, H. J., Ha, K. S., Han, J. A., Lee, H., Kwon, Y. G., Chung, C. K., & Kim, Y. M. (2005). β-carotene inhibits inflammatory gene expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages by suppressing redox-based NF-κB activation. Experimental and Molecular Medicine, 37(4), 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2005.42
Baskaran, V., Sugawara, T., & Nagao, A. (2003). Phospholipids Affect the Intestinal Absorption of Carotenoids in Mice. Lipids, 38(7), 705–711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-003-1118-5
Chen, J., Ormes, J. D., Higgins, J. D., & Taylor, L. S. (2015). Impact of surfactants on the crystallization of aqueous suspensions of celecoxib amorphous solid dispersion spray dried particles. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 12(2), 533–541. https://doi.org/10.1021/mp5006245
Craft, N. E., & Soares, J. H. (1992). Relative Solubility, Stability, and Absorptivity of Lutein and β-Carotene In Organic Solvents. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40(3), 431–434. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00015a013
Craig, D. Q. M. (2002). The mechanisms of drug release from solid dispersions in water- soluble polymers. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 231(2), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(01)00891-2
Eichhorn, T., Greten, H. J., & Efferth, T. (2011). Self-medication with nutritional supplements and herbal over-thecounter products. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 1(2), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13659-011-0029-1
Erdman, J. W., Bierer, T. L., & Gugger, E. T. (1993). Absorption and Transport of Carotenoids. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 691, 76–85.
Faustino, J. F., Ribeiro-Silva, A., Dalto, R. F., De Souza, M. M., Furtado, J. M. F., Rocha, G. de M., Alves, M., & Rocha, E. M. (2016). Vitamin A and the eye: An old tale for modern times. Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia, 79(1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20160018
Gul, K., Tak, A., Singh, A. K., Singh, P., Yousuf, B., & Wani, A. A. (2015). Chemistry, encapsulation, and health benefits of β-carotene - A review. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 1(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2015.1018696
Gupta, S., Kesarla, R., & Omri, A. (2013). Formulation Strategies to Improve the Bioavailability of Poorly Absorbed Drugs with Special Emphasis on Self-Emulsifying Systems. ISRN Pharmaceutics, 2013, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/848043
Ishimoto, K., Miki, S., Ohno, A., Nakamura, Y., Otani, S., Nakamura, M., & Nakagawa, S. (2019). β-Carotene solid dispersion prepared by hot-melt technology improves its solubility in water. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56(7), 3540–3546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03793-8
Jain, A., Sharma, G., Thakur, K., Raza, K., Shivhare, U. S., Ghoshal, G., & Katare, O. P. (2019). Beta-carotene-Encapsulated Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (BC-SLNs) as Promising Vehicle for Cancer: an Investigative Assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech, 20(3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-019-1301-7
Koklesova, L., Liskova, A., Samec, M., Buhrmann, C., Samuel, S. M., Varghese, E., Ashrafizadeh, M., Najafi, M., Shakibaei, M., Büsselberg, D., Giordano, F. A., Golubnitschaja, O., & Kubatka, P. (2020). Carotenoids in cancer apoptosis—the road from bench to bedside and back. Cancers, 12(9), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12092425
Konno, H., & Taylor, L. S. (2006). Influence of different polymers on the crystallization tendency of molecularly dispersed amorphous felodipine. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 95(12), 2692–2705. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.20697
Kritchevsky, S. B. (1999). β-Carotene, Carotenoids and the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. The Journal of Nutrition, 129(1), 5–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/129.1.5
Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Kannan, V., & Rajasekara Pandian, M. (2005). Antihepatotoxic effect of β-carotene on paracetamol induced hepatic damage in rats. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 43(4), 351–355.
Lindfors, L., Forssén, S., Westergren, J., & Olsson, U. (2008). Nucleation and crystal growth in supersaturated solutions of a model drug. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 325(2), 404–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2008.05.034
National, R. C. (2011). Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (8th ed). In Washington (DC): National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.1258/la.2012.150312
Otani, S., Miki, S., Nakamura, Y., Ishimoto, K., Ago, Y., & Nakagawa, S. (2020). Improved bioavailability of β-carotene by amorphous solid dispersion technology in rats. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 66(2), 207–210. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.66.207
RAJU, M., LAKSHMINARAYANA, R., KRISHNAKANTHA, T. P., & BASKARAN, V. (2005). Influence of Phospholipids on β-Carotene Absorption and Conversion into Vitamin A in Rats. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 51(4), 216–222. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.51.216
Reboul, E. (2019). Mechanisms of Carotenoid Intestinal Absorption: Where Do We Stand? Nutrients, 11(4), 838. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040838
Sato, Y., Akiyama, H., Suganuma, H., Watanabe, T., Nagaoka, M. H., Inakuma, T., Goda, Y., & Maitani, T. (2004). The feeding of β-carotene down-regulates serum IgE levels and inhibits the type I allergic response in mice. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 27(7), 978–984. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.27.978
Sethia, S., & Squillante, E. (2004). Solid dispersion of carbamazepine in PVP K30 by conventional solvent evaporation and supercritical methods. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 272(1–2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.11.025
Soottitantawat, A., Yoshii, H., Furuta, T., Ohgawara, M., Forssell, P., Partanen, R., Poutanen, K., & Linko, P. (2004). Effect of Water Activity on the Release Characteristics and Oxidative Stability of D-Limonene Encapsulated by Spray Drying. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(5), 1269–1276. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035226a
TABATA, K., YAMAOKA, K., KAIBARA, A., SUZUKI, S., TERAKAWA, M., & HATA, T. (1999). Moment Analysis Program available on Microsoft Excel. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 14(4), 286–293. https://doi.org/10.2133/dmpk.14.286
Tekade, A. R., & Yadav, J. N. (2020). A Review on Solid Dispersion and Carriers Used Therein for Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Water Soluble Drugs. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 10(3), 359–369. https://doi.org/10.34172/apb.2020.044
Weber, D., & Grune, T. (2012). The contribution of β-carotene to vitamin A supply of humans. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 56(2), 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201100230
Yen, F. L., Wu, T. H., Tzeng, C. W., Lin, L. T., & Lin, C. C. (2010). Curcumin nanoparticles improve the physicochemical properties of curcumin and effectively enhance its antioxidant and antihepatoma activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(12), 7376–7382. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf100135h