1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Honda, K.; Littman, D.R. The microbiome in infectious disease and inflammation. Annu. Rev. Immunol.
2012, 30, 759–795. [CrossRef]
Schon, M.P.; Boehncke, W.H. Psoriasis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005, 352, 1899–1912. [CrossRef]
Sakkas, L.I.; Bogdanos, D.P. Are psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis the same disease? The IL-23/IL-17 axis data.
Autoimmun. Rev. 2017, 16, 10–15. [CrossRef]
Gao, Z.; Tseng, C.H.; Strober, B.E.; Pei, Z.; Blaser, M.J. Substantial alterations of the cutaneous bacterial biota
in psoriatic lesions. PLoS ONE 2008, 3, e2719. [CrossRef]
Geoghegan, J.A.; Irvine, A.D.; Foster, T.J. Staphylococcus aureus and Atopic Dermatitis: A Complex and
Evolving Relationship. Trends Microbiol. 2018, 26, 484–497. [CrossRef]
Fahlen, A.; Engstrand, L.; Baker, B.S.; Powles, A.; Fry, L. Comparison of bacterial microbiota in skin biopsies
from normal and psoriatic skin. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 2012, 304, 15–22. [CrossRef]
Drago, L.; De Grandi, R.; Altomare, G.; Pigatto, P.; Rossi, O.; Toscano, M. Skin microbiota of first cousins
affected by psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Clin. Mol. Allergy 2016, 14, 2. [CrossRef]
Alekseyenko, A.V.; Perez-Perez, G.I.; De Souza, A.; Strober, B.; Gao, Z.; Bihan, M.; Li, K.; Methe, B.A.;
Blaser, M.J. Community differentiation of the cutaneous microbiota in psoriasis. Microbiome 2013, 1, 31.
[CrossRef]
Bouskra, D.; Brezillon, C.; Berard, M.; Werts, C.; Varona, R.; Boneca, I.G.; Eberl, G. Lymphoid tissue
genesis induced by commensals through NOD1 regulates intestinal homeostasis. Nature 2008, 456, 507–510.
[CrossRef]
Scher, J.U.; Ubeda, C.; Artacho, A.; Attur, M.; Isaac, S.; Reddy, S.M.; Marmon, S.; Neimann, A.; Brusca, S.;
Patel, T.; et al. Decreased bacterial diversity characterizes the altered gut microbiota in patients with psoriatic
arthritis, resembling dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2015, 67, 128–139. [CrossRef]
Codoner, F.M.; Ramirez-Bosca, A.; Climent, E.; Carrion-Gutierrez, M.; Guerrero, M.; Perez-Orquin, J.M.;
Horga de la Parte, J.; Genoves, S.; Ramon, D.; Navarro-Lopez, V.; et al. Gut microbial composition in patients
with psoriasis. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 3812. [CrossRef]
Zakostelska, Z.; Malkova, J.; Klimesova, K.; Rossmann, P.; Hornova, M.; Novosadova, I.; Stehlikova, Z.;
Kostovcik, M.; Hudcovic, T.; Stepankova, R.; et al. Intestinal Microbiota Promotes Psoriasis-Like Skin
Inflammation by Enhancing Th17 Response. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0159539. [CrossRef]
Ge, X.; Zhao, W.; Ding, C.; Tian, H.; Xu, L.; Wang, H.; Ni, L.; Jiang, J.; Gong, J.; Zhu, W.; et al. Potential role of
fecal microbiota from patients with slow transit constipation in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility.
Sci. Rep. 2017, 7, 441. [CrossRef]
Rakoff-Nahoum, S.; Paglino, J.; Eslami-Varzaneh, F.; Edberg, S.; Medzhitov, R. Recognition of commensal
microflora by toll-like receptors is required for intestinal homeostasis. Cell 2004, 118, 229–241. [CrossRef]
Morgun, A.; Dzutsev, A.; Dong, X.; Greer, R.L.; Sexton, D.J.; Ravel, J.; Schuster, M.; Hsiao, W.; Matzinger, P.;
Shulzhenko, N. Uncovering effects of antibiotics on the host and microbiota using transkingdom gene
networks. Gut 2015, 64, 1732–1743. [CrossRef]
Salem, I.; Ramser, A.; Isham, N.; Ghannoum, M.A. The Gut Microbiome as a Major Regulator of the Gut-Skin
Axis. Front. Microbiol. 2018, 9, 1459. [CrossRef]
Alesa, D.I.; Alshamrani, H.M.; Alzahrani, Y.A.; Alamssi, D.N.; Alzahrani, N.S.; Almohammadi, M.E. The role
of gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the therapeutic effects of probiotics. J. Fam. Med.
Prim. Care 2019, 8, 3496–3503.
Chen, Y.H.; Wu, C.S.; Chao, Y.H.; Lin, C.C.; Tsai, H.Y.; Li, Y.R.; Chen, Y.Z.; Tsai, W.H.; Chen, Y.K. Lactobacillus
pentosus GMNL-77 inhibits skin lesions in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice. J. Food Drug Anal.
2017, 25, 559–566. [CrossRef]
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 3303
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
10 of 11
Hidalgo-Cantabrana, C.; Gomez, J.; Delgado, S.; Requena-Lopez, S.; Queiro-Silva, R.; Margolles, A.; Coto, E.;
Sanchez, B.; Coto-Segura, P. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in a cohort of patients with psoriasis. Br. J. Dermatol.
2019, 181, 1287–1295. [CrossRef]
Masallat, D.; Moemen, D.; Ahmed, F. Gut bacterial microbiota in psoriasis: A case control study. Afr. J.
Microbiol. Res. 2016, 10, 1337–1343.
Lee, S.Y.; Lee, E.; Park, Y.M.; Hong, S.J. Microbiome in the Gut-Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis. Allergy Asthma
Immunol. Res. 2018, 10, 354–362. [CrossRef]
Yan, D.; Issa, N.; Afifi, L.; Jeon, C.; Chang, H.W.; Liao, W. The Role of the Skin and Gut Microbiome in
Psoriatic Disease. Curr. Dermatol. Rep. 2017, 6, 94–103. [CrossRef]
Abrahamsson, T.R.; Jakobsson, H.E.; Andersson, A.F.; Bjorksten, B.; Engstrand, L.; Jenmalm, M.C. Low
diversity of the gut microbiota in infants with atopic eczema. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2012, 129, 434–440.
[CrossRef]
Johansson, M.A.; Bjorkander, S.; Mata Forsberg, M.; Qazi, K.R.; Salvany Celades, M.; Bittmann, J.; Eberl, M.;
Sverremark-Ekstrom, E. Probiotic Lactobacilli Modulate Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Activation of
Conventional and Unconventional T cells and NK Cells. Front. Immunol. 2016, 7, 273. [CrossRef]
Clavel, T.; Charrier, C.; Haller, D. Streptococcus danieliae sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the
caecum of a mouse. Arch. Microbiol. 2013, 195, 43–49. [CrossRef]
van der Fits, L.; Mourits, S.; Voerman, J.S.; Kant, M.; Boon, L.; Laman, J.D.; Cornelissen, F.; Mus, A.M.;
Florencia, E.; Prens, E.P.; et al. Imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice is mediated via
the IL-23/IL-17 axis. J. Immunol. 2009, 182, 5836–5845. [CrossRef]
Lowes, M.A.; Suarez-Farinas, M.; Krueger, J.G. Immunology of psoriasis. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2014, 32, 227–255.
[CrossRef]
Kryczek, I.; Bruce, A.T.; Gudjonsson, J.E.; Johnston, A.; Aphale, A.; Vatan, L.; Szeliga, W.; Wang, Y.; Liu, Y.;
Welling, T.H.; et al. Induction of IL-17+ T cell trafficking and development by IFN-gamma: Mechanism and
pathological relevance in psoriasis. J. Immunol. 2008, 181, 4733–4741. [CrossRef]
Weaver, C.T.; Hatton, R.D.; Mangan, P.R.; Harrington, L.E. IL-17 family cytokines and the expanding diversity
of effector T cell lineages. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2007, 25, 821–852. [CrossRef]
Wolk, K.; Witte, E.; Wallace, E.; Docke, W.D.; Kunz, S.; Asadullah, K.; Volk, H.D.; Sterry, W.; Sabat, R. IL-22
regulates the expression of genes responsible for antimicrobial defense, cellular differentiation, and mobility
in keratinocytes: A potential role in psoriasis. Eur. J. Immunol. 2006, 36, 1309–1323. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Boniface, K.; Guignouard, E.; Pedretti, N.; Garcia, M.; Delwail, A.; Bernard, F.X.; Nau, F.; Guillet, G.;
Dagregorio, G.; Yssel, H.; et al. A role for T cell-derived interleukin 22 in psoriatic skin inflammation.
Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2007, 150, 407–415. [CrossRef]
Ma, H.L.; Liang, S.; Li, J.; Napierata, L.; Brown, T.; Benoit, S.; Senices, M.; Gill, D.; Dunussi-Joannopoulos, K.;
Collins, M.; et al. IL-22 is required for Th17 cell-mediated pathology in a mouse model of psoriasis-like skin
inflammation. J. Clin. Investig. 2008, 118, 597–607. [CrossRef]
Zanvit, P.; Konkel, J.E.; Jiao, X.; Kasagi, S.; Zhang, D.; Wu, R.; Chia, C.; Ajami, N.J.; Smith, D.P.;
Petrosino, J.F.; et al. Antibiotics in neonatal life increase murine susceptibility to experimental psoriasis.
Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 8424. [CrossRef]
Bowe, W.; Patel, N.B.; Logan, A.C. Acne vulgaris, probiotics and the gut-brain-skin axis: From anecdote to
translational medicine. Benef. Microbes 2014, 5, 185–199. [CrossRef]
Nermes, M.; Kantele, J.M.; Atosuo, T.J.; Salminen, S.; Isolauri, E. Interaction of orally administered
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with skin and gut microbiota and humoral immunity in infants with atopic
dermatitis. Clin. Exp. Allergy 2011, 41, 370–377. [CrossRef]
Vijayashankar, M.; Raghunath, N. Pustular psoriasis responding to probiotics–A new insight.
Our Dermatol. Online 2012, 3, 326. [CrossRef]
Aroniadis, O.C.; Brandt, L.J. Fecal microbiota transplantation:
Past, present and future.
Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 2013, 29, 79–84. [CrossRef]
Glassner, K.L.; Abraham, B.P.; Quigley, E.M.M. The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease. J. Allergy
Clin. Immunol. 2020, 145, 16–27. [CrossRef]
Kelly, C.R.; Ihunnah, C.; Fischer, M.; Khoruts, A.; Surawicz, C.; Afzali, A.; Aroniadis, O.; Barto, A.;
Borody, T.; Giovanelli, A.; et al. Fecal microbiota transplant for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection in
immunocompromised patients. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2014, 109, 1065–1071. [CrossRef]
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 3303
40.
41.
11 of 11
Yamanaka, K.; Tanaka, M.; Tsutsui, H.; Kupper, T.S.; Asahi, K.; Okamura, H.; Nakanishi, K.; Suzuki, M.;
Kayagaki, N.; Black, R.A.; et al. Skin-specific caspase-1-transgenic mice show cutaneous apoptosis and
pre-endotoxin shock condition with a high serum level of IL-18. J. Immunol. 2000, 165, 997–1003. [CrossRef]
Rodrigues, R.R.; Greer, R.L.; Dong, X.; KN, D.S.; Gurung, M.; Wu, J.Y.; Morgun, A.; Shulzhenko, N.
Antibiotic-Induced Alterations in Gut Microbiota Are Associated with Changes in Glucose Metabolism in
Healthy Mice. Front. Microbiol. 2017, 8, 2306. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution
(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
...
論文の公開元へ
