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Investigation of proton-3He Elastic Scattering at Intermediate Energies

Nakai Shinnosuke 東北大学

2021.03.25

概要

Three-nucleon forces (3N Fs) play an important role for various nuclear phenomena. In the study of the deuteron-proton (d-p) scattering, clear evidence of the 3N F effects were found at the cross section minimum. In recent years, much attention has been devoted to the 3N F effects in a system of 4N -scattering, e.g. p-3He scattering. The system is the simplest one for investigating nuclear interactions in the 3N subsystems with the total isospin T = 3/2. For the purpose of pinning down signatures of 3N Fs in comparison with the rigorous numerical 4N calculations, we performed the measurements of p-3He elastic scattering at intermediate energies; the measurement of cross section and proton analyzing power Ay at 65 MeV, and the measurement of the proton analyzing power Ay, 3He analyzing power A0y, and the spin correlation coefficient Cy,y at 100 MeV.

The measurement of the cross section and the proton analyzing power Ay at 65 MeV was performed using a polarized proton beam and a gaseous 3He target system at the WS beamline of the Ring Cyclotron Facility of RCNP, Osaka University. The data were taken in a wide angular range of θc.m. = 26.9◦–170.1◦. For the cross section the statistical error is better than ± 2 % and the systematic uncertainties are estimated to be 3 % at most. For the proton analyzing power Ay, the statistical uncertainties were 0.02 or less and the systematic uncertainties were 0.02 at most.

In order to extend the measurements to the spin observables including the spin cor- relation coefficient, we have developed the polarized 3He target system. We constructed a polarized 3He target cell based on AH-SEOP method. The 3He target polarization was determined with an accuracy of 6.2 % and the maximum 3He polarization was 40 %.

The measurement of the spin correlation coefficient Cy,y as well as the proton and 3He analyzing powers at 100 MeV was performed at the ENN beamline of RCNP. We newly installed the polarized 3He target and detector system as well as the beam line polarimeter for this experiment. We obtained the experimental data in a wide angular range of θc.m. = 46.9◦–149.2◦. For the proton analyzing power Ay and the 3He analyzing power A0y, the statistical uncertainties are less than 0.02 and 0.03, respectively. The systematic uncertainties are estimated to be 0.02 or less for both the analyzing poewrs. For the spin correlation coefficient Cy,y, the statistical uncertainties vary 0.01–0.06 depending on the measured angles, and the systematic errors do not exceed the statistical ones for almost the measured angles.

The obtained results were compared to the rigorous 4N -scattering calculations based on the realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN ) potentials and a model with ∆-isobar excitation. Clear discrepancies have been found for some of the measured observables, especially in the angular regime around the cross section minimum. Theoretical predictions using scaling relations between the calculated cross section and the 3He binding energy are not successful to reproduce the data. Large sensitivity found in the calculated cross sections for the NN potentials and rather small ∆-isobar effects in the cross section are noticed as different features from those in the d-p elastic scattering. For the spin correlation coefficient Cy,y a large ∆-isobar effects are predicted. The angular dependencies of the experimental data for the Cy,y at 100 MeV are mostly explained by taking into ∆-isobar effects. These results indicate that the spin correlation coefficient Cy,y is a prominent observable to investigate the ∆-isobar effects in p-3He elastic scattering.

From the obtained results we conclude that the p-3He elastic scattering at intermediate energies is an excellent tool to explore the nuclear interactions including 3N Fs that could not be accessible by the 3N scattering.

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