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Acknowledgements
This study was supported by research grants from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development: Research
Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases [jp19fk0108081h1001, jp20fk0108081h1202 to F.T.];
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research: Fostering
Joint International Research (B) [18KK0232 to F.T.]; Core to Core Program: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
‘B’ [18H02344 to F.T.]. It was also funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy–EXC2151–390873048 and TRR237, and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) EXC 2151: ImmunoSensation2, Project number 390873048;
DFG TRR 237, Project number 369799452 (B22). Funding for open access charge: DFG ImmunoSensation2.
Author contributions
J.I. performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the initial manuscript. I.D. T.F. and H.K. assisted in
the study design and experiments. S.H.Y supported to use an AFM machine. K.O. and M.Y. assisted in the study
of artificial oligomerization of RIG-I. T.F. directed the project and wrote the complete manuscript.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/
10.1038/s41598-023-33208-w.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.F.
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