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Figure legends
Figure 1. Nucleolin localization in chicken myoblasts during differentiation.
(A) Representative images of phase-contrast and MHC staining of the BPR
chicken myoblasts cultured in DM for 5 days. Scale bar, 100 μm. (B)
Representative images of nucleolin and MHC staining of the BPR chicken
myoblasts cultured in DM at days 0, 2, and 4. Scale bar, 50 μm.
Figure 2. Screening of PS-ODNs on the differentiation of chicken myoblasts.
(A and B) Immunofluorescent images of MHC and DAPI staining (A) and the
ratio of MHC+ cells (B). BPR chicken myoblasts were treated with 10 μM
PS-ODN in GM for 48 h. Scale bar, 200 μm. ** p < 0.01 vs control (Dunnett’s
test). n = 3.
Figure 3. Effects of iSN04 on the growth of chicken myoblasts. (A) The
numbers of the UKC myoblasts treated with 3 or 10 μM iSN04 in GM. * p <
0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs control at 48 h (Williams’ test). n = 3. (B and C)
Representative images of EdU and DAPI staining (B) and the ratio of EdU+
myoblasts (C). UKC chicken myoblasts were treated with 3 or 10 μM iSN04
in GM for 48 h. Scale bar, 200 μm. ** p < 0.05 vs control (Williams’ test). n =
4.
Figure 4. Effects of the iSN04-berberine complex on the differentiation of
chicken myoblasts. (A-C) Representative images of MHC and DAPI staining
28
(A), the ratio of MHC+ cells (B), and fusion index (C). UKC chicken myoblasts
were treated with 10 μM of berberine (Ber) and iSN04 in GM for 48 h. Scale
bar, 200 μm. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 (Scheffe’s F test). n = 4. (D and E) qPCR
results of myogenic gene transcriptions in the UKC chicken myoblasts
treated with 10 μM of iSN04 and berberine in GM for 8 h (D) and 24 h (E).
The mean value of the control was set to 1.0 for each gene. * p < 0.05, ** p <
0.01 vs control (Dunnett’s test). n = 3-4.
29
Table 1. Primer sequences for qPCR.
Gene
Sequence (5’-3’)
Reference
MYOD1
GACAGCAGCTACTACACGGAATCA
Slawinska et al., 2013
GGAAATCCTCTCCACAATGCTT
MYOG
GGAGCACCCAGCTGGAGTT
CGATGCTCTCCACGATGGA
Slawinska et al., 2013
MYH1
CTCCTCACGCTTTGGTAA
TGATAGTCGTATGGGTTGGT
Lue et al., 2015
TMEM8C
TGGGTGTCCCTGATGGC
CCCGATGGGTCCTGAGTAG
Luo et al., 2015
YWHAZ
TCCACCACGACAGACCA
CCAGCCTTCCAACTTCC
Yue et al., 2010
MHC / DAPI
Day 5
Nucleolin
Phase-contrast
Merge
MHC / DAPI
Figure 1
Day 0
Day 2
Day 4
Figure 2
Control
iSN02
iSN04
iSN06
iSN08
iSN16
iSN24
iSN31
iSN40
iSN48
iSN01
iSN03
iSN05
iSN07
iSN15
iSN23
iSN30
iSN39
iSN47
iSN50
MHC / DAPI
40
50
**
**
**
**
**
**
Control
iSN01
iSN02
iSN03
iSN04
iSN05
iSN06
iSN07
iSN08
iSN15
iSN16
iSN23
iSN24
iSN30
iSN31
iSN39
iSN40
iSN47
iSN48
iSN50
MHC+ cells (%)
20
30
**
AAAAGATTAGGGTGAGGG
AAAGATTAGGGTGAGGGT
AAGATTAGGGTGAGGGTG
AGATTAGGGTGAGGGTGA
GATTAGGGTGAGGGTGAG
ATTAGGGTGAGGGTGAGT
TTAGGGTGAGGGTGAGTT
AGTTCAACATTAGGGTGA
CATTAGGGTGAAAATGAA
TAAAGCATTAGGGTGATG
TTAGGGTGATGAAATCCA
ATCAGGCTCAAGCTTGAG
CTCAAGCTTGAGTTCTGA
TCATTCCTAAGCTTGAGG
AAGCTTGAGGCCTATGGG
GGAACGATCCTCAAGCTT
CCTCAAGCTTAGGTCCGC
AAATAGCTTTAGGGTTAG
ATAGCTTTAGGGTTAGCC
10
Figure 3
30
50
40
20
**
Control
3 μM
10
10 μM
24
EdU+ cells (%)
No. of myoblasts (×104 cells)
30
**
20
**
10
48
Control
Treatment (h)
EdU / DAPI
Control
3 μM
10 μM
3 μM
10 μM
10
**
20
15
15
10
iSN04
+Ber
iSN04
+Ber
**
iSN04
iSN04 iSN04
+Ber
iSN04
10
Ber
Ber
20
Ber
Control
Control
30
Control
iSN04 iSN04
+Ber
TMEM8C / YWHAZ
TMEM8C / YWHAZ
10
iSN04
+Ber
40
iSN04
**
Ber
20
Control
30
Fusion index (%)
iSN04
iSN04
+Ber
MYH1 / YWHAZ
40
MYH1 / YWHAZ
**
iSN04
iSN04
+Ber
Ber
15
iSN04
Ber
Control
**
iSN04
+Ber
**
Ber
iSN04
**
Ber
Control
MHC / DAPI
Control
Control
MYOG / YWHAZ
MHC+ cells (%)
**
MYOG / YWHAZ
**
iSN04
+Ber
Ber
iSN04
+Ber
Control
iSN04
Ber
Control
MYOD1 / YWHAZ
50
iSN04
Ber
Control
MYOD1 / YWHAZ
Figure 4
iSN04+Ber
**
**
10
...
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