卵巣低異型度漿液性癌のin vitro発癌モデル

概要

Low grade serous ovarian carcinoma is constituting a relatively unusual distinctive type of
tumor that tends to occur in younger patients, have apathetic progression and long-term survival
where have an association with chemoresistance compare to other type of ovarian carcinoma.
Although several genetic alterations are involved for the progression of low-grade serous ovarian
carcinoma (LGSOC), but the specific combination of mutations required remains unclear.
Several studies showed that in Western countries, KRAS (16–54%) or BRAF (2–33%) mutations
are involved the carcinogenic pathway of LGSOC, indicating that KRAS/BRAF/ERK signaling
pathway is thought to play an essential for developing LGSOCs. Beside this we reported that,
serous adenofibroma or adenofibroma, atypical proliferative serous tumor (APST), and
noninvasive micropapillary serous borderline tumor (MPSC) all the developmental stage were
synchronous with a Japanese case of LGSOC and mutational analysis of KRAS or BRAF genes of
different pathological regions revealed no oncogenic mutation. However, KRAS or BRAF
mutations may not contribute to tumor progression in Japanese cases of LGSOCs. Subsequently,
we observed a high frequency of PIK3CA mutations (60%) were present instead of KRAS
mutation in Japanese cases of LGSOCs, indicating, activation of the PIK3CA/AKT signaling
pathway may play a significant role in the carcinogenesis of Japanese LGSOCs. However,
accumulating all the evidence of molecular alterations, the specific combination of genetic
mutations required for the progression of LGSOC has not been identified still yet. ...