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Conflict of Interest: ML, LS-L and RJ have equity in a start-up company

developing fructokinase inhibitors (Colorado Research Partners LLC). TN and

RJ also have equity with XORTX therapeutics which is developing novel xanthine

oxidase inhibitors. RJ is also a consultant for Horizon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. BR-I is

a recipient of the Cátedra Salvador Zubirán, Universidad Nacional de México and

Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de

June 2021 | Volume 12 | Article 694457

Nakagawa et al.

Fructose Causes Chronic Kidney Disease

Copyright © 2021 Nakagawa, Sanchez-Lozada, Andres-Hernando, Kojima,

Kasahara, Rodriguez-Iturbe, Bjornstad, Lanaspa and Johnson. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution

License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted,

provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the

original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic

practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with

these terms.

México, Mexico. PB has acted as a consultant for AstraZeneca, Bayer, BristolMyers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli-Lilly, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, and

Horizon Pharma. PB serves on the advisory boards of AstraZeneca, Boehringer

Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk and XORTX.

The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of

any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential

conflict of interest.

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