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Atomic-scale insights into the origin of rectangular lattice in nanographene probed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Li, Junhuan 大阪大学

2021.06.24

概要

We conducted atomic-scale scanning tunneling microscopy of a graphene nanosheet on graphite. In addition to a rhombus lattice representing the (3×3)R30∘ superstructure, we resolved another quadrangle lattice similar to a rectangle in the sheet. Its lattice size was approximately 0.37×0.22nm2. To clarify the origin of this unique rectangular lattice, the overlap of the 3×3 superstructures along the direction of their long diagonals was theoretically examined using a simple model. The electron distribution with high energy in the occupied states of armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) was calculated based on first principles. A rectangular lattice, resembling the one observed experimentally, was found to form on the AGNR under a specific width condition. This finding was also analyzed in terms of Clar's theory and the scattering of electron waves. We propose that wrinkles and adsorbates in graphene play a role similar to an armchair edge, resulting in the 3×3 phase. If these local defects are in close proximity, the rhombus phases interact to generate electronic structures predicted for AGNRs. This is probably the reason why a rectangular lattice was imaged on the graphene sheet that is not an ideal AGNR.

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