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34
Table 1. Major retrospective studies of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for resected salivary gland
malignancies
Treatment
CRT (vs RT)
(10)
3141
Histolo
gy
Any
DFS or PFS
OS
CRT (vs RT)
(12)
140
Any
CRT (vs RT)
(14)
2210
Any
42.1% vs 73.8%
(3Y)
HR 0.78
(0.40-1.55)
NA
CRT (vs RT)
(15)
CRT (16)
148
SDC
NA
128
Any
61.2% (5Y)
CRT (vs RT)
(17)
741
(≥66 y)
Any
NA
Interpret
ation
Negative
Adverse features
NA
47.3% (5Y)
HR 1.03
52.2% vs
78.1% (3Y)
Negative
38.5% vs
54.2% (5Y)
aHR 1.22
(1.03-1.44)
40.9% vs
38.8% (5Y)
73.7% (5Y)
Negative
T3-4, N1-3, or positive
margins
Negative
NA
Negative
T3-4, N1-3, positive
margins, and extra nodal
extension
Age, number of positive
nodes, histology, or IMRT
Histology, tumor grade,
positive margins, or
pathologic node involvement
Age, T classification, N
classification, tumor grade,
or extra nodal extension
24.0M vs
Negative
41.0M
aHR 1.39
(1.07-1.79)
CRT (vs RT) 1052
SqCC
NA
58.4% vs
Positive NA
(11)
45.0% (5Y)
CRT (vs RT) 91
AdCC 96% vs 96% (5Y)
(No statistically Positive Stage III/IV, positive
(12)
88% vs 78% (8Y)
significant
margins, and perineural
difference)
invasion
AdCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation
therapy; NA, not available; SDC, salivary duct carcinoma; SqCC, squamous cell carcinoma
Table 2. Ongoing prospective studies of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Treatment
Study
Primary
Histology
design
endpoint
Cisplatn/docetaxel Phase
53
Disease-free
Int-grade, or high-grade
+RT
II
survival
(NCT02776163)
Cisplatin+RT vs
Phase
252
ProgressionInt-grade ANOS. int-grade
RT-alone
II/III
free survival
MEC, high-grade acinic cell
carcinoma, or high-grade
(NCT01220583)
AdCC
Cisplatin+RT vs
Phase
260* ProgressionAdCC, high-grade ANOS,
RT-alone
III
free survival
int/high-grade MEC, SDC, etc
(NCT02998385)
*Including unresectable or not operable tumors
Other key eligibility
T3-4 or N1-3 or T1-2 N0
with inadequate surgical
margin (≤5mm)
T3-4 or N1-3 or T1-2 N0
with inadequate surgical
margin (≤1mm)
T3-4 or N1-3 or T1-2 N0
with inadequate surgical
margin (<5mm)
AdCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; ANOS adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified; MEC mucoepidermoid carcinoma; RT,
radiotherapy; SDC, salivary duct carcinoma
Table 3. Retrospective studies of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy and HER2–targeted therapies for resected salivary
gland malignancies
Treatment
Histology Target mDFS (M)
mOS (M)
Bicalutamide and/or
22
SDC
AR
33 (vs 21)
LHRHa (19)
HR 0.14 (0.03-0.75) HR 0.06 (0.01-0.76)
Carboplatin/paclitaxel 8
SDC
HER2
62% (2Y)
NA
/trastuzumab (20)
Carboplatin/paclitaxel 9
SDC
HER2
117 (vs 9)
74 (vs 43)
/trastuzumab (21)
HR, hazard ratio; LHRHa, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog; mDFS, median disease-free survival; mOS median
overall survival; NA, not available; SDC, salivary duct carcinoma; T-DM1, trastuzumab emtansine
Table 4. Retrospective studies of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced salivary gland malignancies
Treatment
Histology ORR
LC
PFS
OS
Platinum-based (22)
1 AdCC
NA
4 failures
NA
NA
(14%)
Cyclophosphamide/pi 17
4 AdCC
76%
5 failures
NA
70% (5Y)
rarubicin/cisplatin
(24%)
(CR, 23%)
(23)
Cisplatin (24)
AdCC*
44%
1 failure
NA
NA
(CR, 44%)
Carboplatin/paclitaxel 5
AdCC*
100%
100% (3Y)
NA
20-43M
(25)
Platinum (26)
16
AdCC*
88%
61% (5Y)
39% (5Y)
87% (5Y)
(CR, 44%)
*AdCC of the head and neck
AdCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; CR, complete response; LC, local control; NA, not available; OS overall survival; ORR,
objective response rate; PFS, progression-free survival; SGM, salivary gland malignancy
Table 5. Largest phase II trials of respective cytotoxic regimens for recurrent/metastatic salivary gland malignancies
Treatment
Histology
ORR
ORR
mPFS
mOS
(AdCC, %)
(non-AdCC, %)
(M)
(M)
Cisplatin (31)
25
13 AdCC (52%)
15
17
NA
14
Epibubicin (32)
20
AdCC only
10
15.5
Mitoxantrone (33)
18
AdCC only
NA
19
Paclitaxel (34)
45
14 AdCC (31%)
26
12.5
Gemcitabine (35)
21
AdCC only
NA
NA
Vinorelbine (36)
20
13 AdCC (65%)
15
29
NA
8.5
Cisplatin/vinorelbine (38)
40
19 AdCC (48%)
32
38
6.3
16.9
Cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/ 22
12 AdCC (55%)
25
30
NA
21
cisplatin (39)
Carboplatin/paclitaxel (45)
14
10 AdCC (71%)
20
NA
12.5
Cisplatin/docetaxel (46)
11
4 AdCC (36%)
50
57
6.6
18.8
Cisplatin/fluorouracil (104)
14
AdCC only
12
Cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/ 17
7 AdCC (44%)
43
50
NA
16.6
cisplatin/fluorouracil (105)
Platinum/gemcitabine (106)
33
10 AdCC (30%)
20
26
NA
13.8
AdCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; mOS, median overall survival; mPFS, median progression-free survival; NA, not available;
ORR, objective response rate; SDC, salivary duct carcinoma
Table 6. Phase II trials of targeted therapies for recurrent/metastatic salivary gland malignancies (except AR, HER2, and
NTRK)
Treatment
Imatinib (52-54)
Dasatinib (55)
Lapatinib (56)
Gefitinib (57)
Cetuximab (58)
Everolimus (59)
Nelfinavir (60)
MK-2206 (61)
Cabozantinib (62)
Bortezomib (107)
Dovitinib (108,109)
Vorinostat (110)
Tipifarnib (111)
All-trans retinoic acid (112)
Histology
44
54
36
36
30
34
15
14
21
24
66
30
12
18
AdCC only
40 AdCC (74%)
19 AdCC (53%)
18 AdCC (50%)
23 AdCC (77%)
AdCC only
AdCC only
AdCC only
15 AdCC (71%)
AdCC only
AdCC only
AdCC only
1 AdCC (8%)
AdCC only
Target
ORR
(AdCC, %)
100 (1/1)
ORR
(non-AdCC, %)
17
KIT
KIT
EGFR/HER2
EGFR
EGFR
mTOR
AKT
AKT
c-MET/VEGFR
NF-κB
FGFR
HDAC
HRAS
MYB
VEGFR/FGFR/PDGFR
Lenvatinb (63,64)
58
AdCC only
14
/RET/KIT
Sorafenib (65,66)
56
38 AdCC (68%)
BRAF/VEGFR/PDRFR 11
22
Axitinib (67-69)
89
69 AdCC (78%)
VEGFR
Sunitinib (70)
14
AdCC only
VEGFR/PDGFR
Nintedanib (71)
20
13 AdCC (65%)
VEGFR/PDGFR/FGFR 0
Pazopanib (72)
69
49 AdCC (71%)
VEGFR/PFGFR/KIT
Regorafenib (73)
38
AdCC only
VEGFR/RET/PDGFR
AdCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; ANOS, adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified; ORR, objective response rate
Table 7. Prospective studies of targeted therapies for recurrent/metastatic salivary gland malignancies (AR, HER2, and
NTRK)
Treatment
Bicalutamide/leuprorelin (75)
Enzalutamide (80)
Abiraterone/LHRHa (81)
Trastuzumab (85)
Docetaxel/trastuzumab (82)
Docetaxel/trastuzumab (83)
Trastuzumab/pertuzumab (84)
Trastuzumab emtansine (86)
Trastuzuma ...
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