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Effect of Wiping Pressure on Body Hygiene of Bed Bath with a Wet Washcloth

Suga, Sayaka Ishii, Atsue Nakanishi, Yoshitaka 神戸大学

2023

概要

Whole-body hygiene care is important for maintaining skin integrity through the removal of dirt
and microorganisms from the skin 1). Hygiene is considered to be a fundamental component of the care
provided by nurses to every patient 2). Whole-body hygiene care includes bathing, shower bathing, and
bed bathing. Bed bathing satisfies hygiene needs of bed-ridden patients who have acute or chronic
diseases 3). Patients who cannot maintain hygiene on their own often receive bed baths, and are largely
reliant on nurses for this part of their care. Nurses are expected to conduct bed baths using appropriate
techniques.
Dirt on the skin is removed by friction between the skin and the wiping materials 4). The major
factors related to friction on the skin are skin hydration, the properties of the wiping materials, and
wiping pressure 5). A previous study conducted a comparison between bed bathing, washing with a
washcloth, and cleaning without water using nonwoven fabric, as means of maintaining skin hygiene 6).
Other research examined the effects of the mechanical stimulation of friction on skin abnormalities and
lesions 7). These studies did not directly examine the friction coefficient, but investigated the effects of
materials on bed bath, from various perspectives.
It has been suggested that wiping pressure is also related to friction on the skin 5), but only a few studies
have examined wiping pressure. Mechanical stimulation and excessive friction can cause damage to the
skin. To establish safe bed bath techniques, it is necessary to consider the appropriate wiping pressure
for removing dirt from the skin. It is technically difficult to measure wiping pressure during bed baths.
One previous study used a pressure-sensitive mat placed under the arm to measure wiping pressure 8).
However, because wiping pressure was measured indirectly, the results might not accurately reflect the
contact pressure applied to the skin during the bed bath. Therefore, in the current study, we directly
measured wiping pressure by attaching a pressure-sensitive film sheet on the skin and examining the
relationship between wiping pressure and skin hygiene. ...

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...

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