1. Aiken, L.H., Sermeus, W., and Heede, K.V. et al. 2012. Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: Cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States. BMJ 344:e1717
2. Brooks Carthon, J.M., Hatfield, L., and Plover, C. et al. 2019. Association of Nurse Engagement and Nurse Staffing on Patient Safety. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 34(1):40-46
3. Benitz, W.E. 2015. Hospital stay for healthy term newborn infants. Pediatrics 135(5):948953.
4. Brown, S., Lumley, J., and Small, R. 1998. Early obstetric discharge: does it make a difference to health outcomes? Peadiatric Perinatal Epidemiology 12(1):49-71.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1996. Average postpartum length of stay for uncomplicated deliveries--New Jersey, 1995. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 45(32):700-704.
6. Cho, E., Lee, N.J., and Kim, E.Y. et al. 2016. Nurse staffing level and overtime associated with patient safety, quality of care, and care left undone in hospitals: A crosssectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies 60:263-271
7. Cegolon, L., Campbell, O., and Alberico, S. et al. 2019. Length of stay following vaginal deliveries: A population based study in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region (NorthEastern Italy), 2005-2015. PLoS One 3;14(1):e0204919
8. Forster, D.A., McLachlan, H.L., and Yelland, J. et al. 2006. Staffing in postnatal units: is it adequate for the provision of quality care? Staff perspectives from a state-wide review of postnatal care in Victoria, Australia. BMC Health Services Research 6:83.
9. Guo, P., Chiew, Y.S., and Shaw, G.M. et al. 2016.Clinical Activity Monitoring System (CATS): An automatic system to quantify bedside clinical activities in the intensive care unit. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 37:52-61.
10. Japanese Nursing Association, 2013. Handbook for the introduction of unit management in mixed wards which include an obstetrics department, for improvement of mother and child care. MEDICUS SHUPPAN, Publishers Co.,Ltd.
11. Kitajima H.. 2008. Relationship between Nursing Care in Mixed and Obstetrics-Only Wards at Large Hospitals in Japan and the Frequency of MRSA Infections in Neonates. Japanese Journal of Infection Prevention and Control. 23(2):129-134.
12. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. 2009. Current situation and international comparison of social security benefits and burdens. Available from: https://www.mhlw.go.jp/seisaku/2009/09/03.html. (Access date: March 23, 2019).
13. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. 2008. Current status, issues, and countermeasures for neonatal medical care in Japan. Available from: https://www.mhlw.go.jp/shingi/2008/11/dl/s1120-11t_0002.pdf (Access date: March 24, 2019).
14. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Japan. 2013. Available from: https://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/whitepaper/ja/h25/html/nc123110.html. (Access date: March 23, 2019).
15. Mizuho Information &Research Institute, Inc. 2018. Current Status and future issues of postpartum care business Research report on future ideals based on these. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare FY2017 Child and Child Care Support Promotion Research Project.
16. Nadia, B., Lorena, S.M., and Carl D. et al. 2006. Vaginal delivery: How does early hospital discharge affect mother and child outcomes? A systematic literature review. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 17(1):289.
17. Nakai, K., Saito, I., and Teraoka, A. 2018. Nursing care provided to newborns delivered normally at full term from immediately after birth to day four and the time used for care. Journal of Japan Academy of Midwifery 32(2):138-146.
18. National Center for Child Health and Development 2018.Current states of death during and after pregnancy as seen from demographic statistics(death, birth, stillbirth). https://www.ncchd.go.jp/press/2018/maternal-deaths.html. (Access date: November 10, 2019).
19. Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., and Mattke, S. et al. 2002. Nurse-staffing levels and the quality of care in hospitals. The New England Journal of Medicine 346;(22):1715-1722.
20. OECD. 2015. Length of hospital stay. Available from: https://data.oecd.org/healthcare/length-of-hospital-stay.htm (Access date: March 24, 2019).
21. Ohki, S., Kajiwara, M., and Amizuka,T. et al. 2012. Survey study of Apparent LifeThreatening Events (ALTE) of low risk neonates in the maternity wards in Japan. Journal of Japan Society for Premature and Newborn Medicine 24(1):73-81.
22. Pertile, R., Pavanello, L., and Soffiati, M. et al. 2018. Length of stay for childbirth in Trentino (North-East of Italy): the impact of maternal characteristics and organizational features of the maternity unit on the probability of early discharge of healthy, term infants. European Journal of Pediatrics 177(1):155-159.
23. Sato, K., Hayashi, T., and Amizuka, T. et al. 2012. Desirable medical care for healthy term newborns. Journal of Japan Society for Premature and Newborn Medicine 24(3):419441.
24. Shimizu, S., Ohno, Y., and Iwasa, M. et al. 2010.Visualizing nursing work process using time and motion study. Transactions of Japanese Society for Medical and Biological Engineering 48(6):536-541.
25. UNICEF. 2017. United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/every-child-alive/. (Access date March 24, 2019).