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1176

Acknowledgments: We thank Prof. Hiroko Morishima (deceased 2010) for encouragement to do this

1177

work and Kensuke Suzuki, Yuma Kondo, Masaya Koike, Anzu Minami, Stefan Reuscher, Naoki

1178

Yamaji, Jian Feng Ma and Sayaka Sasaki for technical assistance. We thank Masafumi Mikami,

1179

Seiichi Toki and Masaki Endo (NARO) for providing the CRISPR/Cas9 vectors. We thank Miyako

1180

Ueguchi-Tanaka for providing the SLR1 antibody. We thank Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim for English-

1181

language editing. Deepwater rice, wild rice accessions, and barley cv. Golden Promise were provided

1182

by the National Bioresource Project (NBRP) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science

1183

and Technology (MEXT) of Japan.

1184

51

1185

Funding: This work was supported by the CREST program of the JST (no. JPMJCR13B1), by the

1186

SATREPS program (no. JPMJSA1706) of the JST and JICA, and by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI (nos.

1187

16K18565, 16H06466, 17H06473, and 19K15815). This study was supported in part by RIKEN-

1188

Nagoya University Science and Technology Hub.

1189

1190

Authors’ contributions: K.N. and M.A. designed the study. K.N. and S.I. carried out the genetic

1191

linkage analysis. J.W. and T.F. performed the screening of bacterial artificial chromosome clones and

1192

sequence analysis. K.N., R.G., Y.N., M.F., Y.H., M.K., W.A., H.H., and K.S. performed the transgenic

1193

experiments and sequence analysis. K.N., Y.M., R.G., T.H., A.Y., and H.T. elucidated the molecular

1194

mechanisms. M.K., Y.T., and H.S. quantified the hormone levels. A.F. performed the trans-eQTL

1195

analysis. Y.S. and T.A. performed the evolutionary analyses. K.N., T.A., and M.A. wrote the

1196

manuscript.

1197

Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

1198

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