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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Drs. T. Toyoda, T. Araoka, K. Yasuda, A. Kimura, A. Mima, M. Ryosaka, H.
Tsujimoto, H. Ikeda, S. Sakurai, and J. Asahira for technical support and helpful suggestions, Dr. P. Karagiannis
for reading and critically revising the manuscript, and Ms. E. Moriguchi and A. Date for their excellent secretarial assistance. This work was partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
through its Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 18K19542)
to K.O., by Daiichi Sankyo Foundation of Life Science through its research grant to K.O, and by the Japan
Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) through its research grant “Projects for Technological
Development and Core Center for iPS Cell Research, Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative
Medicine” to K.O. and T. Y. The ASHBi is supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative
(WPI), MEXT, Japan.
Author contributions
N.K.: conception and design, collection and/or assembly of data, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript
writing, and final approval of the manuscript. H.H.: conception and design, data analysis and interpretation,
manuscript writing, and final approval of the manuscript. S.M., M.K., and A.N.: conception and design, data
analysis and interpretation, and final approval of the manuscript. L.L.: conception and design, collection and/or
assembly of data, and final approval of the manuscript. T.Y. and K.O.: conception and design, financial support,
data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing, and final approval of the manuscript.
Competing interests K.O. is a founder and member without the salary of the scientific advisory boards of iPS Portal, Inc., and a
founder and chief scientific advisor of RegeNephro Co., Ltd. The other authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.
org/10.1038/s41598-021-83431-6.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to K.O.
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