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大学・研究所にある論文を検索できる 「健常日本人における加齢に伴う口腔機能変化についての横断研究」の論文概要。リケラボ論文検索は、全国の大学リポジトリにある学位論文・教授論文を一括検索できる論文検索サービスです。

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健常日本人における加齢に伴う口腔機能変化についての横断研究

伊與田, 清美 IYOTA, Kiyomi イヨタ, キヨミ 九州大学

2021.09.24

概要

近年、身体的なフレイルに先立ち口腔機能の低下が見られることが知られてきており、これを早期発見し適切に介入することによりフレイルを予防できる可能性が示唆されている。口腔機能の低下は、加齢、身体活動低下、栄養失調、認知機能低下など、さまざまな要因が関連している。本研究では、健常日本人の口腔機能に関する加齢の影響を調べた。

 方法:日本の1地域歯科医院を訪れた40〜89歳の患者175名を対象に後方視的研究を行った。対象者は20本以上の残存歯数を有する全自立の者で、認知症および低栄養の者は除外した。「口腔機能低下症」診断のための口腔機能精密検査(舌苔の付着度、口腔粘膜の湿潤度、咬合力、舌口唇運動機能、舌圧、咀嚼機能、嚥下機能)の結果を、20〜29歳の大学生92名と比較し、統計的分析を行った。

 結果:対照群と比較して、80歳以上の群では舌苔の付着度の増加、70〜79歳の群では咬合力の低下が認められた。60歳代以降の群で舌運動機能の低下、70歳代以降の群で舌圧の低下が認められた。その他の項目に有意な差は認められなかった。

 結論:20本以上の残存歯数を有する全自立の健常者は、高齢になっても多くの口腔機能を維持できることが明らかとなった。しかしながら舌運動機能と舌圧は加齢とともに低下するため、舌の機能訓練が口腔機能維持のターゲットである可能性が示唆された。

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