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Methodology for reducing particulate matter emissions during combustion by improving fuel quality of low-grade biomass

DALKHSUREN, Davaajav 北海道大学

2023.03.23

概要

1.1. Background to the study
Energy is a fundamental and indispensable need for humans to survive and develop.
Therefore, with population growth, energy demand and consumption have soared.
Because of their low cost and abundance in early industrialization, fossil fuels were
introduced in the last century, exacerbating the environmental crisis. Currently, the
combustion of fossil fuels accounts for 85% of global energy demand. It is estimated that
the energy demand of the world will increase by 1% per year by the year 2040 (Agency
2022). However, considering the emissions of greenhouse gases (including CO2), and the
non-renewability of fossil fuel, the substitution of it for clean and renewable energy is a
major challenge in the energy sector. The developed countries of Europe and the US have
started to shift primary energy consumption to net carbon-zero sources including nuclear,
wind, solar, hydro, tidal, and biomass. Meanwhile, a large part of the world still relies on
the combustion of local biomass including wood, animal feces, and other agricultural and
forestry residue for cooking and localized heating.
Biomass usage as a solid fuel is expected and encouraged globally due to its numerous
benefits, which include its renewable nature, carbon neutrality, and reduction of harmful
pollutant emissions such as sulfuric and nitrous oxides. Despite the recognized
importance of biomass for the shift from fossil fuel to renewable energy, the combustion
of raw biomass causes serious health problems in people due to indoor air pollution
caused by particulate matter (PM) emissions. Considering the widespread availability and
associated benefits of biomass use, lowering PM emissions during combustion will save
lives and alleviate health issues caused by indoor air pollution while being a sustainable
alternative to fossil fuel. ...

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APPENDIX

Fig. S1 Rice husk (RH) ash mineral content

63

Fig. S2 Rice straw (RS) ash mineral content

Fig.S3 Dairy manure (DM) ash mineral content

64

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