The Life Cycle of Annual Waves in the Indian Ocean as Identified by Seamless Diagnosis of the Energy Flux

Aiki, H., Greatbatch, R. J., & Claus, M. (2017). Towards a seamlessly diagnosable expression for the energy flux associated

with both equatorial and mid‐latitude waves. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 4(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645‐017‐

0121‐1

Beal, L., Hormann, V., Lumpkin, R., & Foltz, G. (2013). The response of the surface circulation of the Arabian Sea to monsoonal forcing.

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 43(9), 2008–2022. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO‐D‐13‐033.1

Cai, W., Meyers, G., & Shi, G. (2005). Transmission of ENSO signal to the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 32, L05616. https://

doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021736

Cummins, P. F., & Oey, L. Y. (1997). Simulation of barotropic and baroclinic tides off northern British Columbia. Journal of Physical

Oceanography, 27, 762–781. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(1997)027<0762:SOBABT>2.0.CO;2

Düing, W., & Schott, F. (1978). Measurements in the source region of the Somali current during the monsoon reversal. Journal of Physical

Oceanography, 8, 278–289. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(1978)008<0278:MITSRO>2.0.CO;2

Fukutomi, Y., & Yasunari, T. (2002). Tropical‐extratropical interaction associated with the 10–25‐day oscillation over the western

Pacific during the northern summer. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 80, 311–331. https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.80.311

Gent, P. R., O'Neill, K., & Cane, M. A. (1983). A model of the semiannual oscillation in the equatorial Indian Ocean. Journal of Physical

Oceanography, 13(12), 2148–2160. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(1983)013<2148:AMOTSO>2.0.CO;2

Huang, B., & Kinter, J. L. (2002). Interannual variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(C11), 3199.

https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JC001278

Large, W. G., & Pond, S. (1981). Open ocean momentum flux measurements in moderate to strong winds. Journal of Physical

Oceanography, 11, 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(1981)011<0324:OOMFMI>2.0.CO;2

Mark, R. J., & Huang, B. (2004). The Rossby wave as a key mechanism of Indian Ocean climate variability. Deep Sea Research, Part I, 51,

2123–2136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.06.005

McPhaden, M. J., & Ripa, P. (1990). Wave‐mean flow interactions in the equatorial ocean. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 20, 167–205.

https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.22.010190.001123

Nagura, M., & Masumoto, Y. (2015). A wake due to the Maldives in the eastward Wyrtki jet. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45(7),

1858–1876. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO‐D‐14‐0191.1

Nagura, M., & McPhaden, M. J. (2010). Wyrtki Jet dynamics: Seasonal variability. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115, C07009. https://doi.

org/10.1029/2009JC005922

Ogata, T., & Aiki, H. (2019). The pathway of intraseasonal wave energy in the tropical Indian Ocean as identified by a seamless diagnostic

scheme. Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, 15, 262–267. https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2019‐047

Ogata, T., Nagura, M., & Masumoto, M. (2017). Mean subsurface upwelling induced by intraseasonal variability over the equatorial Indian

Ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 47, 1347–1365. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO‐D‐16‐0257.1

Orlanski, I., & Sheldon, J. (1993). A case of downstream baroclinic development over western north America. Monthly Weather Review, 121,

2929–2950. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0493(1993)121<2929:ACODBD>2.0.CO;2

Rahul, P. C. R., Salvekar, P. S., Deo, A. A., & Ganer, D. W. (2004). Westward propagating twin gyres in the equatorial Indian Ocean.

Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L01304. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018615

Rao, R. R., Girish Kumar, M. S., Ravichandran, M., Rao, A. R., Gopalakrishna, V. V., & Thadathil, P. (2010). Interannual variability of

Kelvin wave propagation in the wave guides of the equatorial Indian Ocean, the coastal Bay of Bengal and the southeastern Arabian Sea

during 1993–2006. Deep Sea Research, Part I, 57, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2009.10.008

Rao, S. A., & Yamagata, T. (2004). Abrupt termination of Indian Ocean dipole events in response to intra‐seasonal oscillations. Geophysical

Research Letters, 31, L19306. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020842

Saji, N. H., Goswami, B. N., Vinayachandran, P. N., & Yamagata, T. (1999). A dipole in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature, 401, 360–363.

https://doi.org/10.1038/43854

Schopf, P. S., Anderson, D. L. T., & Smith, R. (1981). Beta‐dispersion of low‐frequency Rossby waves. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans,

5, 187–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377‐0265(81)90011‐7

Schott, F. (1986). Seasonal variation of cross‐equatorial flow in the Somali Current. Journal of Geophysical Research, 91, 10,581–10,584.

https://doi.org/10.1029/JC091iC09p10581

Schott, F. A., & McCreary, J. P. (2001). The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean. Progress in Oceanography, 51, 1–123. https://doi.org/

10.1016/S0079‐6611(01)00083‐0

Smagorinsky, J., Manabe, S., & Holloway, J. L. (1965). Numerical results from a nine‐level general circulation model of the atmosphere.

Monthly Weather Review, 93, 727–768. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0493(1965)093<0727:NRFANL>2.3.CO;2

Swallow, J. C., Schott, F., & Fieux, M. (1991). Structure and transport of the East African Coastal Current. Journal of Geophysical Research,

96, 22,254–22,267. https://doi.org/10.1029/91JC01942

Tailleux, R., & McWilliams, J. C. (2001). The effect of bottom pressure decoupling on the speed of extratropical, baroclinic Rossby waves.

Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31, 1461–1476. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520‐0485(2001)031<1461:TEOBPD>2.0.CO;2

14 of 15

Geophysical Research Letters

10.1029/2019GL085670

Ummenhofer, C. C., Biastoch, A., & Böning, C. W. (2017). Multidecadal Indian Ocean variability to the Pacific and implications for preconditioning Indian Ocean dipole events. Journal of Climate, 30(5), 1739–1751. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI‐D‐16‐0200.1

Wyrtki, K. (1973). An equatorial jet in the Indian Ocean. Science, 181, 262–264. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.181.4096.262

Yanai, M., & Maruyama, T. (1966). Stratospheric wave disturbances propagating over the equatorial pacific. Journal of the Meteorological

Society of Japan, 44, 291–294. https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.44.5_291

Yu, L., O'Brien, J. J., & Yang, J. (1991). On the remote forcing of the circulation in the Bay of Bengal. Journal of Geophysical Research,

96(C11), 20,449–20,454. https://doi.org/10.1029/91JC02424

LI AND AIKI

15 of 15

...