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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Y. Seto and K. Fujino for the discussion on the transformation
mechanisms between olivine polymorphs, and to R. Miyawaki for his helpful suggestions on
the new mineral proposal of poirierite to the International Mineralogical Association. The
authors also thank the Head Office for Information Systems and Cybersecurity, RIKEN, for a
generous grant of computing time on the Hokusai BigWaterfall Cluster. This work was
supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research by the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) (No. 15H03750 to N.T. and 17H01172 to T.O.)
and the Strategic Fund for Strengthening Leading-Edge Research and Development provided
by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (to JAMSTEC). This research was also
supported by MEXT as part of the “Exploratory Challenge on Post-K computer” (Challenge
of Basic Science – Exploring Extremes through Multi-Physics and Multi-Scale Simulations).
Author contributions
N.T. organised the research project. N.T., M.M., L.B., X.X., R.T., and Y.K. conducted SEM
observations, and N.T., R.T., and Y.K. prepared ultrathin foil specimens via FIB. N.T., and
M.M. conducted the TEM observations. N.T., T.O., and N.P. conducted electron diffraction
analysis and crystal structure modelling. L.B. conducted single crystal X-ray diffraction
analysis and crystal structure refinements. T.I., Z.L., and T.K., conducted the first-principles
calculations. N.T. wrote the paper and all the authors discussed the results and commented
on the paper.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary information is available for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247020-00090-7.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to N.T.
Peer review information: Primary handling editor: Joe Aslin.
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