Development of platelet replacement therapy using human induced pluripotent stem cells

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and post-­transfusion purpura, in which platelet counts become even

lower post-­transfusion (Semple et al., 2011; Stanworth et al., 2015).

However, producing autologous platelets for each person takes considerable cost and time.

Alternatively, our institute and others have been stocking

iPS cells with homozygous HLA haplotypes (Turner et al., 2013;

Umekage et al., 2019). These cells have wide compatibility. It is estimated that the 10 most frequent lines of iPSCs with homozygous

HLA could cover approximately 50% of the Japanese population.

Ultimately, owing to the capability of gene editing iPS cells, HLA-­I

nullified iPS cell-­derived platelets have also been developed (Feng

et al., 2014; Gras et al., 2013; Suzuki et al., 2020) These cells can

serve as a universal product and do not require a library of different

HLA haplotypes. Furthermore, they are suitable as a platform for

further modified products, which may lead to novel therapies using

platelets.

10 | CO N C LU S I O N

Thirteen years have passed since the report of the establishment of

human iPS cells in 2007. Platelets derived from iPS cells have been

successfully manufactured to produce the number needed for clinical transfusions. As such, the first-­in-­human clinical trial of autologous iPSC-­derived platelets in patients with allo-­PTR was initiated

in 2019 (https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-­lates​t-­detai​l/jRCTa​05019​0117).

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How to cite this article: Nakamura S, Sugimoto N, Eto K.

Development of platelet replacement therapy using human

induced pluripotent stem cells. Develop Growth Differ.

2021;63:178–­186. https://doi.org/10.1111/dgd.12711

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