[1] Aktuglu K, Erol K, Vahabi A. Ilizarov bone transport and treatment of criticalsized tibial bone defects: a narrative review. J Orthop Traumatol 2019;20:22.
doi:10.1186/s10195-019- 0527- 1.
[2] Cano-Luís P, Andrés-Cano P, Ricón-Recarey FJ, Giráldez-Sánchez MA. Treatment
of posttraumatic bone defects of the forearm with vascularized fibular grafts.
Follow up after fourteen years. Injury 2018;49(Suppl 2):S27–35. doi:10.1016/j.
injury.2018.07.021.
[3] Masquelet AC, Fitoussi F, Begue T, Muller GP. Reconstruction of the long
bones by the induced membrane and spongy autograft. Ann Chir Plast Esthet
20 0 0;45:346–53.
[4] Masquelet AC, Begue T. The concept of induced membrane for reconstruction
of long bone defects. Orthop Clin North Am 2010;41:27–37 table of contents.
doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2009.07.011.
[5] Chong KW, Woon CYL, Wong MK. Induced membranes-a staged technique of
bone-grafting for segmental bone loss: surgical technique. J Bone Joint Surg
Am 2011;93(Suppl 1):85–91. doi:10.2106/JBJS.J.01251.
[6] Masquelet AC, Kishi T, Benko PE. Very long-term results of post-traumatic bone
defect reconstruction by the induced membrane technique. Orthop Traumatol
Surg Res 2019;105:159–66. doi:10.1016/j.otsr.2018.11.012.
[7] Gaio N, Martino A, Toth Z, Watson JT, Nicolaou D, McBride-Gagyi S. Masquelet
Technique: the effect of altering implant material and topography on membrane matrix composition, mechanical and barrier properties in a rat defect
model. J Biomech 2018;72:53–62. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.02.026.
Funding
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding
agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Ethics Approval
All protocols of this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine (Kobe, Japan)
(approval number: B20 0 051).
Declaration of Competing Interest
None.
1449
K. Takase, T. Fukui, K. Oe et al.
Injury 54 (2023) 1444–1450
[8] Dimitriou R, Mataliotakis GI, Calori GM, Giannoudis PV. The role of barrier
membranes for guided bone regeneration and restoration of large bone defects: current experimental and clinical evidence. BMC Med 2012;10:81. doi:10.
1186/1741- 7015- 10- 81.
[9] Gruber HE, Riley FE, Hoelscher GL, Bayoumi EM, Ingram JA, Ramp WK, et al.
Osteogenic and chondrogenic potential of biomembrane cells from the PMMAsegmental defect rat model. J Orthop Res 2012;30:1198–212. doi:10.1002/jor.
22047.
[10] Henrich D, Seebach C, Nau C, Basan S, Relja B, Wilhelm K, et al. Establishment
and characterization of the Masquelet induced membrane technique in a rat
femur critical-sized defect model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016;10:E382–96.
doi:10.1002/term.1826.
[11] Aho OM, Lehenkari P, Ristiniemi J, Lehtonen S, Risteli J, Leskelä HV. The mechanism of action of induced membranes in bone repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am
2013;95:597–604. doi:10.2106/JBJS.L.00310.
[12] Niikura T, Jimbo N, Komatsu M, Oe K, Fukui T, Matsumoto T, et al. Histological analysis of induced membranes in patients whose bone defects were
treated with the Masquelet technique to identify factors affecting the vascularity of induced membranes. J Orthop Surg Res 2021;16:248. doi:10.1186/
s13018- 021- 02404- 7.
[13] Niikura T, Oda T, Jimbo N, Komatsu M, Oe K, Fukui T, et al. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins-4,
6, 7, and 9 in human induced membrane samples treated with the Masquelet
technique. J Orthop Surg Res 2022;17:29. doi:10.1186/s13018- 022- 02922- y.
[14] Pelissier P, Masquelet AC, Bareille R, Pelissier SM, Amedee J. Induced membranes secrete growth factors including vascular and osteoinductive factors
and could stimulate bone regeneration. J Orthop Res 2004;22:73–9. doi:10.
1016/S0736-0266(03)00165-7.
[15] Gruber HE, Ode G, Hoelscher G, Ingram J, Bethea S, Bosse MJ. Osteogenic, stem
cell and molecular characterisation of the human induced membrane from extremity bone defects. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:106–15. doi:10.1302/2046-3758.
54.20 0 0483.
[16] Franz S, Rammelt S, Scharnweber D, Simon JC. Immune responses to implants a review of the implications for the design of immunomodulatory biomaterials.
Biomaterials 2011;32:6692–709. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.078.
[17] Rubin C, Bolander M, Ryaby JP, Hadjiargyrou M. The use of low-intensity
ultrasound to accelerate the healing of fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am
2001;83:259–70. doi:10.2106/00004623-200102000-00015.
[18] Griffin XL, Costello I, Costa ML. The role of low intensity pulsed ultrasound
therapy in the management of acute fractures: a systematic review. J Trauma
2008;65:1446–52. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e318185e222.
[19] Sant’Anna EF, Leven RM, Virdi AS, Sumner DR. Effect of low intensity pulsed
ultrasound and BMP-2 on rat bone marrow stromal cell gene expression. J Orthop Res 2005;23:646–52. doi:10.1016/j.orthres.2004.09.007.
[20] Barzelai S, Sharabani-Yosef O, Holbova R, Castel D, Walden R, Engelberg S, et al.
Low-intensity ultrasound induces angiogenesis in rat hind-limb ischemia. Ultrasound Med Biol 2006;32:139–45. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2005.08.010.
[21] Harrison A, Lin S, Pounder N, Mikuni-Takagaki Y. Mode & mechanism of low
intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in fracture repair. Ultrasonics 2016;70:45–
52. doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2016.03.016.
[22] Leung KS, Cheung WH, Zhang C, Lee KM, Lo HK. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulates osteogenic activity of human periosteal cells. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2004;418:253–9. doi:10.1097/00003086-200401000-00044.
[23] Cuthbert RJ, Churchman SM, Tan HB, McGonagle D, Jones E, Giannoudis PV.
Induced periosteum a complex cellular scaffold for the treatment of large bone
defects. Bone 2013;57:484–92. doi:10.1016/j.bone.2013.08.009.
[24] Koga T, Lee SY, Niikura T, Koh A, Dogaki Y, Okumachi E, et al. Effect of
low- intensity pulsed ultrasound on bone morphogenetic protein 7-induced
osteogenic differentiation of human nonunion tissue-derived cells in vitro. J
Ultrasound Med 2013;32:915–22. doi:10.7863/ultra.32.6.915.
[25] Lee SY, Koh A, Niikura T, Oe K, Koga T, Dogaki Y, et al. Low-intensity pulsed
ultrasound enhances BMP-7-induced osteogenic differentiation of human fracture hematoma-derived progenitor cells in vitro. J Orthop Trauma 2013;27:29–
33. doi:10.1097/BOT.0b013e3182519492.
[26] Hasegawa T, Miwa M, Sakai Y, Niikura T, Kurosaka M, Komori T. Osteogenic
activity of human fracture haematoma-derived progenitor cells is stimulated
by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in vitro. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2009;91:264–
70. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.91B2.20827.
[27] Sawauchi K, Fukui T, Oe K, Kumabe Y, Oda T, Yoshikawa R, et al. Low-intensity
pulsed ultrasound promotes osteogenic differentiation of reamer-irrigatoraspirator graft-derived cells in vitro. Ultrasound Med Biol 2022;48:313–22.
doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.10.006.
[28] Iwabuchi S, Ito M, Hata J, Chikanishi T, Azuma Y, Haro H. In vitro evaluation
of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in herniated disc resorption. Biomaterials
2005;26:7104–14. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.004.
[29] Heckman JD, Ryaby JP, McCabe J, Frey JJ, Kilcoyne RF. Acceleration of tibial
fracture-healing by non-invasive, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. J Bone Joint
Surg Am 1994;76:26–34. doi:10.2106/0 0 0 04623-1994010 0 0-0 0 0 04.
[30] Louis KS, Siegel AC. Cell viability analysis using trypan blue: manual
and automated methods. Methods Mol Biol 2011;740:7–12. doi:10.1007/
978- 1- 61779- 108- 6_2.
[31] Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using
real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods
2001;25:402–8. doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262.
[32] Moghaddam A, Zietzschmann S, Bruckner T, Schmidmaier G. Treatment of
atrophic tibia non-unions according to “diamond concept”: results of oneand two-step treatment. Injury 2015;46:S39–50. doi:10.1016/S0020-1383(15)
30017-6.
[33] Careri S, Vitiello R, Oliva MS, Ziranu A, Maccauro G, Perisano C. Masquelet
technique and osteomyelitis: innovations and literature review. Eur Rev Med
Pharmacol Sci 2019;23:210–16. doi:10.26355/eurrev_201904_17495.
[34] Masquelet AC, Kanakaris NK, Obert L, Stafford P, Giannoudis PV. Bone repair
using the masquelet technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2019;101:1024–36. http:
//doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.18.00842.
[35] Wang X, Wei F, Luo F, Huang K, Xie Z. Induction of granulation tissue for the
secretion of growth factors and the promotion of bone defect repair. J Orthop
Surg Res 2015;10:147. http://doi.org/10.1186/s13018- 015- 0287- 4.
[36] Tang Q, Tong M, Zheng G, Shen L, Shang P, Liu H. Masquelet’s induced membrane promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal
stem cells by activating the Smad and MAPK pathways. Am J Transl Res
2018;10:1211–19.
[37] Coords M, Breitbart E, Paglia D, Kappy N, Gandhi A, Cottrell J, et al. The effects
of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound upon diabetic fracture healing. J Orthop Res
2011;29:181–8. http://doi.org/10.1002/jor.21223.
[38] Wei FY, Leung KS, Li G, Qin J, Chow SK, Huang S, et al. Low intensity pulsed
ultrasound enhanced mesenchymal stem cell recruitment through stromal derived factor-1 signaling in fracture healing. PLoS ONE 2014;9. e106722 http:
//doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106722 .
[39] Suzuki A, Takayama T, Suzuki N, Sato M, Fukuda T, Ito K. Daily low-intensity
pulsed ultrasound-mediated osteogenic differentiation in rat osteoblasts. Acta
Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009;41:108–15. http://doi.org/10.1093/abbs/
gmn012.
[40] Fujii M, Takeda K, Imamura T, Aoki H, Sampath TK, Enomoto S, et al. Roles
of bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors and Smad proteins in osteoblast and chondroblast differentiation. Mol Biol Cell 1999;10:3801–13. http:
//doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.11.3801.
[41] Noriega S, Mamedov T, Turner JA, Subramanian A. Intermittent applications of
continuous ultrasound on the viability, proliferation, morphology, and matrix
production of chondrocytes in 3D matrices. Tissue Eng 2007;13:611–18. http:
//doi.org/10.1089/ten.2006.0130.
1450
...