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Meaning and practices of spiritual care for older people with dementia: experiences of nurses and care workers

Hirakawa, Yoshihisa Yajima, Kyoka Chiang, Chifa Aoyama, Atsuko 名古屋大学

2020.01

概要

Background: The aim of the present study was to comprehensively investigate the meaning and practices of spiritual care for older people with dementia based on the perspective and experiences of nurses and care workers. Methods: The study was designed according to qualitative research strategies and used face‐to‐face interview data, with a focus on the experiences of nurses and care workers who care for elderly persons with dementia. Five nurses and 13 care workers from nine care facilities participated. We conducted 10 interviews, each with one to three participants, from April to August 2017. An open‐ended questionnaire concerning the meaning and practices of spiritual care for older people with severe dementia was used to comprehensively capture the participants’ experiences of caring for older people with dementia. Qualitative content analysis was used to systematically identify ideas and patterns emerging from the qualitative data. Results: Three main themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of what constituted spiritual care for older people with dementia: (i) self‐esteem; (ii) communication; and (iii) individual difference. Conclusions: Nurses and care workers perceived self‐esteem as a core domain of spiritual care for older people with severe dementia. Reminiscing about important achievements and enjoying small pleasures in daily life enhance older people's self‐esteem. Communication strategies involving active listening and therapeutic lying can help maintain older people's self‐esteem and cognitive abilities. Older people with dementia respond in different ways to standardized care procedures, so care providers must employ of a variety of skilful approaches.

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Table 1. Participants’ characteristics.

Age

Participant

Facility type

Sex

Licence

(year)

Home visiting care office

58

Care worker

Home visiting care office

58

Care worker

Home visiting care office

45

Care worker

Home visiting care office

42

Care worker

Home visiting nurse office

50

Nurse

Home visiting nurse office

45

Nurse

Day service center

80

Care worker

Day service center

55

Care worker

Day service center

50

Care worker

10

Day service center

49

Care worker

11

Day service center

46

Care worker

12

Day service center

38

Care worker

13

Day service center

35

Care worker

14

Day service center

30

Care worker

15

Group home

55

Care worker

16

Group home

35

Care worker

21

17

Nursing home

59

Nurse

18

Psychiatric hospital

50

Care worker

19

Psychiatric hospital

40

Nurse

20

Psychiatric hospital

35

Care worker

...

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