Supply Chain and Marketing Problems of Agricultural Commodities: Case Studies of Pineapple and Arabica Coffe in Muaro Jambi and Kerinci Regancy, Jambi Province, Indonesia

概要

Supply Chain and Marketing Problems of Agricultural Commodities: Case Studies of
Pineapple and Arabica Coffee in Muaro Jambi and Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province,
Indonesia
Boris Kaido㈨※⎔ቃ⤒῭Ꮫㅮᗙ࣭ᅜ㝿㛤ⓎᏛศ㔝

࠙Objectiveࠚ
ࠚ
This study focuses on identifying the supply chain and marketing characteristics and problems,
economic actors involved, and distribution patterns of added value and marketing occurring in rural
areas, where the object is an agricultural commodity, specifically namely pineapple in Muaro Jambi
and coffee in Kerinci Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia.
࠙Methodࠚ
ࠚ
This study uses a descriptive approach and case study to gain a deeper understanding of the supply
chain and marketing problems in Muaro Jambi Regency with agricultural commodities of pineapple
and arabica coffee in Kerinci Regency, Jambi province, Indonesia. Primary data were collected
between 2019 until 2021 through direct surveys in Muaro Jambi and the Kerinci regency. This
involved face-to-face interviews with farmers, cooperatives, local traders, wholesalers, owners of the
home industry, and middlemen. Secondary data were collected mainly from government reports. Semistructured questionnaires were also distributed. The data collected in the research area were tabulated
and analyzed using descriptive analysis. Value-added analysis, cost and profitability tests were used.
A Mann-Whitney test and two-sample t-test were used to compare the significant differences at a 5%
level for the cost and profitability analysis result.
࠙Resultsࠚ
ࠚ
The study begins by explaining the importance of agricultural commodities in improving Indonesia's
national economy. in chapter II with the findings show that there are two groups of problems: On-farm
problems and off-farm problems. In chapter III, the results show that pineapple commodities can
provide income for smallholder livelihoods when using available resources with low capital
investment while improving the pineapple value chain through the identified strengths of the PFFM
model. In chapter IV, it was found that it has different values, but marketing Channel 1 is the best for
small farmers. In chapter V, smallholders experience fear in addressing price uncertainty, the second
finding is that cooperatives face licensing and document fulfillment challenges to export green bean
arabica coffee. Chapter VI, the findings are that cooperatives have large variable costs and fixed costs
compared to farmers. In terms of profit, the cooperative has a large number compared to farmers. But
in terms of return points, farmers get 0.7 points higher than the cooperative, this shows that farmers
get better profits compared to cooperatives that get high net profit figures but are not offset by large
total costs. In chapter VII, a significant finding that emerged from this study is that it statistically
revealed differences in selling prices and net profits between cooperative and non-cooperative farmers.
࠙Conclusionsࠚ
ࠚ
In pineapple, there are on-farm problems and off-farm problems. Pineapple farming can survive and
improve livelihoods if available resources are utilized with low capital investment and improved with
strategies based on identified strengths and weaknesses. And marketing channel 1 is the best. For
Arabica coffee, the challenges are price uncertainty, poor quality and lengthy bureaucratic export
process. Farmers more viable with this scheme because they have higher net returns and ROI values.
Moreover, there is a big discrepancy between the selling price, net profit, and production of Arabica
coffee between the two types of farmers. Therefore, this study recommends that farmers join
cooperatives for betterment. ...