Pineapple Farming In Transmigration Area - A Good Choice For Smallholders ? Case Study of Tangkit Baru Village, Indonesia

概要

[Objectives]
Indonesian national development is carried out based on the regional dimension, transmigration areas have a potential for the development of commodity agribusiness systems that are classified in horticulture especially on dry land. Tangkit Baru village is known as the largest pineapple producing Village in Jambi Province, almost all of its people work as small pineapple farmers, previously this village is a forest area with the condition of peat soil that is inundated. The transmigration community (ethnic bugis) cleared land with a ditch system. Information on the value of income from farming is one of the most appropriate approaches in describing whether the commodity planted by farmers is currently feasible to support the family needs of farmers in the future. This study illustrates the socioeconomic characteristics of the pineapple farmer and the production costs and income of pineapple farming in Tangkit Baru village and to find out production factors that affect farmers' income and Give a description of the advantages or disadvantages of pineapple farming and serve as a reference whether pineapple farming is feasible to be run by the farmers in order to support family needs.

[Methodology]
The survey was conducted in September until October 2018, The sample of this study comprises 30 small scale pineapple farmers in the Tangkit Baru village. Data obtained from research in the field, then tabulated and then analyzed qualitatively – quantitatively and in the intervals to answer the problem formulation comprising an analysis of production costs, farmer income and revenue cost ratio and to find out production factors that affect farmers' income, the factors were analyzed with multiple linear regression and F-test and T-test value analysis using SPSS version 25.

[Results and Discusion]
Income of pineapple farming for farmers shows that the total income is Rp. 2.956.114, From the calculation of the ratio analysis it was found that over 1 (6.5). This shows that pineapple farming in Tangkit Baru village has benefited and is feasible to be implemented in the future by smallholders. When viewed from the level of prosperity, farmers have just been said to be categorized as prosperous farmers, because income is Rp. 2.956.114 per capita per month, the monthly per capita income of farmers has passed the threshold of the minimum wage value in the city of Jambi, which is Rp. 2.381.941 per capita per month. From adjusted R-Squared value of 0.781, this means 78.1% variation in pineapple farm income is influenced by income factors in the model, while the rest is 21.9% is influenced by other factors outside the model, and for partially result (T-Test), Only two factors have a significant effect on income, namely the field scale factor with the partial correlation value of 0.423 and the labor factor with a partial correlation value of 0.764 with this value, it can be seen a portion of the two variables contributes influence by the value of the two variables squared. The result of the contribution of the field scale influence is 17.89% and variable labor is 58.37%.

[Conclusion]
Pineapple farming in Tangkit Baru village can significantly increase farmers' income, the income can exceed the Jambi provincial income minimum wage threshold. Based on the analysis of the ratio that results are over 1, this is economically feasible. The problem found that fertilizer is the biggest expenditure for farmers, and it can be solved from Partially the regression results obtained that on pineapple farming, only the field scale, and labor factors significant effect, while other factors have no effect, this can be a reference in reducing costs, it was a mistake that farmers assume that with much more fertilizing will increase production, in the reality farmers do not know the actual consumption of fertilizer that needed by plants, as a result, cost of fertilizers becomes high with will not give a significant influence on farmers’ production and income.