Studies on Effects of Metamorphosis and Body Growth on Newt Skeletal Muscle Dedifferentiation

概要

1.1 The Newt - An Ideal Model for Self-regeneration Study
Regeneration is the ability that organisms can restore their lost body parts. This
phenomenon has been studied for more than 200 years, since a famous Italian
naturalist Lazzaro Spallanzani documented this phenomenon in various organisms,
especially on the salamander’s limb, tail, and jaw regeneration (Spallanzani, 1769).
But it still has many mysteries remained.
Regenerative ability has been studied in many organisms, such as planarian, hydra,
starfish, axolotl, newt and so on (Molina, M.D et al., 2021; Reddy P. C et al., 2019;
Cary G.A et al., 2019; Sámano, C et al., 2021; Casco-Robles M. M et al., 2021).
Among those organisms, the Japanese fire-bellied newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is an
urodele amphibian which is classified into the family salamandridae, can repeatedly
regenerate its various complex tissues or body-parts throughout its lifespan. For
example, as figure 1 shows, it can regenerate eye tissues (especially the retina and the
lens), the limbs, the tail, and so on (Brockes and Kumar, 2002; Tsonis, 2002; Chiba,
2014; Eguchi, G et al., 2011; Koriyama, K et al., 2018).
In contrast to other salamanders like the axolotl which has been recognized as an
ideal model for regeneration research for decades, the newt keeps their regenerative
ability even after metamorphosis (Wallace, 1981). Previous studies suggested that the
newt have evolved a new mechanism that switched terminally differentiated somatic
cells into stem-like cells which contribute to tissue regeneration. ...

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