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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Kyoto University Live Imaging Center. The authors also thank the staff at the
Kyoto-Meat-Market for allowing us access to bovine ovaries. This work was supported in part by a Livestock
Promotional Subsidy from the Japan Racing Association and grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion
of Science (19H03104 to S.I. and 19H03136 to N.M.).
Author contributions
S.I., Y.H., and N.M. conceived the experiments. K.S. and S.I. performed bovine IVF and NTU-CAT library preparation and sequencing. K.S., S.I., H.Y., S.H., and N.M. analyzed the results. K.S. and S.I. drafted the manuscript.
All authors discussed the results and approved the manuscript.
Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/
10.1038/s41598-022-15417-x.
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