1. Bruix J, Castells A, Bosch J, Feu F, Fuster J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Visa J, Bru C, Rodes J: Surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: prognostic value of preoperative portal pressure. Gastroenterology. 111(4):1018-1022.1996
2. Capussotti L, Muratore A, Amisano M, Polastri R, Bouzari H, Massucco P: Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis: analysis of mortality, morbidity and survival--a European single center experience. Eur J Surg Oncol. 31(9):986-993.2005
3. Ishizawa T, Hasegawa K, Aoki T, Takahashi M, Inoue Y, Sano K, Imamura H, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M: Neither multiple tumors nor portal hypertension are surgical contraindications for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 134(7):1908-1916.2008
4. Kawano Y, Sasaki A, Kai S, Endo Y, Iwaki K, Uchida H, Shibata K, Ohta M, Kitano S: Short- and long-term outcomes after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma with concomitant esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. Ann Surg Oncol. 15(6):1670-1676.2008
5. Cucchetti A, Ercolani G, Vivarelli M, Cescon M, Ravaioli M, Ramacciato G, Grazi GL, Pinna AD: Is portal hypertension a contraindication to hepatic resection? Ann Surg. 250(6):922-928.2009
6. Choi GH, Park JY, Hwang HK, Kim DH, Kang CM, Choi JS, Park YN, Kim do Y, Ahn SH, Han KH et al: Predictive factors for long-term survival in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension following resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int. 31(4):485-493.2011
7. Maithel SK, Kneuertz PJ, Kooby DA, Scoggins CR, Weber SM, Martin RC, 2nd, McMasters KM, Cho CS, Winslow ER, Wood WC et al: Importance of low preoperative platelet count in selecting patients for resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-institutional analysis. J Am Coll Surg. 212(4):638-648.2011
8. Ruzzenente A, Valdegamberi A, Campagnaro T, Conci S, Pachera S, Iacono C, Guglielmi A: Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension: is liver resection always contraindicated? World J Gastroenterol. 17(46):5083-5088.2011
9. Hidaka M, Takatsuki M, Soyama A, Tanaka T, Muraoka I, Hara T, Kuroki T, Kanematsu T, Eguchi S: Intraoperative portal venous pressure and long-term outcome after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg. 99(9):1284-1289.2012
10. Santambrogio R, Kluger MD, Costa M, Belli A, Barabino M, Laurent A, Opocher E, Azoulay D, Cherqui D: Hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with Child-Pugh's A cirrhosis: is clinical evidence of portal hypertension a contraindication? HPB (Oxford). 15(1):78-84.2013
11. Choi SB, Kim HJ, Song TJ, Ahn HS, Choi SY: Influence of clinically significant portal hypertension on surgical outcomes and survival following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 21(9):639-647.2014
12. Zhong JH, Li H, Xiao N, Ye XP, Ke Y, Wang YY, Ma L, Chen J, You XM, Zhang ZY et al: Hepatic resection is safe and effective for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension. PLoS One. 9(9):e108755.2014
13. Llovet JM, Bru C, Bruix J: Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: the BCLC staging classification. Semin Liver Dis. 19(3):329-338.1999
14. Forner A, Llovet JM, Bruix J: Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 379(9822):1245-1255.2012
15. Adam R, Bhangui P, Vibert E, Azoulay D, Pelletier G, Duclos-Vallee JC, Samuel D, Guettier C, Castaing D: Resection or transplantation for early hepatocellular carcinoma in a cirrhotic liver: does size define the best oncological strategy? Ann Surg. 256(6):883-891.2012
16. Bismuth H, Majno PE, Adam R: Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 19(3):311-322.1999
17. Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R, Andreola S, Pulvirenti A, Bozzetti F, Montalto F, Ammatuna M, Morabito A, Gennari L: Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 334(11):693-699.1996
18. Torzilli G, Procopio F, Donadon M, Del Fabbro D, Cimino M, Montorsi M: Safety of intermittent Pringle maneuver cumulative time exceeding 120 minutes in liver resection: a further step in favor of the "radical but conservative" policy. Ann Surg. 255(2):270-280.2012
19. Imamura H, Seyama Y, Kokudo N, Maema A, Sugawara Y, Sano K, Takayama T, Makuuchi M: One thousand fifty-six hepatectomies without mortality in 8 years. Arch Surg. 138(11):1198-1206.2003
20. Matsumata T, Kanematsu T, Shirabe K, Takenaka K, Kitano S, Sugimachi K: Advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and concomitant esophageal varices. Hepatogastroenterology. 37(5):461-464.1990
21. Higashi H, Matsumata T, Utsunomiya T, Koyanagi N, Hashizume M, Sugimachi K: Successful treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma and concomitant esophageal varices. World J Surg. 17(3):398-402; discussion 402-393.1993
22. Lin MC, Wu CC, Ho WL, Yeh DC, Liu TJ, P'Eng F K: Concomitant splenectomy for hypersplenic thrombocytopenia in hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology. 46(26):630-634.1999
23. Sugawara Y, Yamamoto J, Shimada K, Yamasaki S, Kosuge T, Takayama T, Makuuchi M: Splenectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hypersplenism. J Am Coll Surg. 190(4):446-450.2000
24. Wu CC, Cheng SB, Ho WM, Chen JT, Yeh DC, Liu TJ, P'Eng F K: Appraisal of concomitant splenectomy in liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with hypersplenic thrombocytopenia. Surgery. 136(3):660-668.2004
25. Chen XP, Wu ZD, Huang ZY, Qiu FZ: Use of hepatectomy and splenectomy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhotic hypersplenism. Br J Surg. 92(3):334-339.2005
26. Yamazaki S, Takayama T, Nakamura M, Higaki T, Matsuoka S, Mizuno S, Moriyama M: Prophylactic impact of endoscopic treatment for esophageal varices in liver resection: a prospective study. J Gastroenterol. 49(5):917-922.2014
27. Liu HT, Cheng SB, Wu CC, Yeh HZ, Chang CS, Wang J: Impact of severe oesophagogastric varices on liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients. World J Surg. 39(2):461-468.2015
28. Stiegmann GV, Sun JH, Hammond WS: Results of experimental endoscopic esophageal varix ligation. Am Surg. 54(2):105-108.1988
29. Iwakiri R, Koyama T, Hirano M, Uchida Y, Ishibashi S, Kuwahara A, Matsunaga K, Sakata H, Fujimoto K: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices prolonged survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma complicating liver cirrhosis. Gastrointest Endosc. 51(5):569-572.2000
30. Hassab MA: Gastroesophageal Decongestion and Splenectomy. A Method of Prevention and Treatment of Bleeding from Esophageal Varices Associated with Bilharzial Hepatic Fibrosis: Preliminary Report. J Int Coll Surg. 41:232-248.1964
31. Haruta I, Isobe Y, Ueno E, Toda J, Mitsunaga A, Noguchi S, Kimura T, Shimizu K, Yamauchi K, Hayashi N: Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO), a promising nonsurgical therapy for ectopic varices: a case report of successful treatment of duodenal varices by BRTO. Am J Gastroenterol. 91(12):2594-2597.1996
32. Makuuchi M, Kosuge T, Takayama T, Yamazaki S, Kakazu T, Miyagawa S, Kawasaki S: Surgery for small liver cancers. Semin Surg Oncol. 9(4):298-304.1993
33. Mise Y, Hasegawa K, Satou S, Aoki T, Beck Y, Sugawara Y, Makuuchi M, Kokudo N: Venous reconstruction based on virtual liver resection to avoid congestion in the liver remnant. Br J Surg. 98(12):1742-1751.2011
34. The general rules for recording endoscopic findings on esophageal varices. Jpn J Surg. 10(1):84-87.1980
35. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA: Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 240(2):205-213.2004
36. Rahbari NN, Garden OJ, Padbury R, Brooke-Smith M, Crawford M, Adam R, Koch M, Makuuchi M, Dematteo RP, Christophi C et al: Posthepatectomy liver failure: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS). Surgery. 149(5):713-724.2011
37. Teh SH, Christein J, Donohue J, Que F, Kendrick M, Farnell M, Cha S, Kamath P, Kim R, Nagorney DM: Hepatic resection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score predicts perioperative mortality. J Gastrointest Surg. 9(9):1207-1215.2005
38. Zhong JH, Ke Y, Gong WF, Xiang BD, Ma L, Ye XP, Peng T, Xie GS, Li LQ: Hepatic resection associated with good survival for selected patients with intermediate and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 260(2):329-340.2014
39. Iwatsuki S, Starzl TE, Sheahan DG, Yokoyama I, Demetris AJ, Todo S, Tzakis AG, Van Thiel DH, Carr B, Selby R et al: Hepatic resection versus transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 214(3):221-228.1991
40. Bismuth H, Chiche L, Adam R, Castaing D, Diamond T, Dennison A: Liver resection versus transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients. Ann Surg. 218(2):145-151.1993
41. Figueras J, Jaurrieta E, Valls C, Ramos E, Serrano T, Rafecas A, Fabregat J, Torras J: Resection or transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: outcomes based on indicated treatment strategy. J Am Coll Surg. 190(5):580-587.2000
42. Llovet JM, Fuster J, Bruix J: Intention-to-treat analysis of surgical treatment for early hepatocellular carcinoma: resection versus transplantation. Hepatology. 30(6):1434-1440.1999
43. Koniaris LG, Levi DM, Pedroso FE, Franceschi D, Tzakis AG, Santamaria-Barria JA, Tang J, Anderson M, Misra S, Solomon NL et al: Is surgical resection superior to transplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma? Ann Surg. 254(3):527-537.2011
44. Belghiti J, Cortes A, Abdalla EK, Regimbeau JM, Prakash K, Durand F, Sommacale D, Dondero F, Lesurtel M, Sauvanet A et al: Resection prior to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 238(6):885-892.2003
45. Facciuto ME, Rochon C, Pandey M, Rodriguez-Davalos M, Samaniego S, Wolf DC, Kim-Schluger L, Rozenblit G, Sheiner PA: Surgical dilemma: liver resection or liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Intention-to-treat analysis in patients within and outwith Milan criteria. HPB (Oxford). 11(5):398-404.2009
46. Utsunomiya T, Shimada M, Kudo M, Ichida T, Matsui O, Izumi N, Matsuyama Y, Sakamoto M, Nakashima O, Ku Y, et al. A Comparison of the surgical outcomes among patients with HBV-positive, HCV-positive, and non-B non-C hepatocellular carcinoma: a nationwide study of 11,950 patients. Ann Surg. 261(3):513-520.2015
47. 高山忠利、幕内雅敏、山崎晋、他.肝硬変合併肝細胞癌症例に対する脾臓摘出術の臨床的意義-とくに肝切除適応拡大の関連から-日外会誌 90:1043-1048.1989
48. Shimada M, Hashizume M, Shirabe K, Takenaka K, Sugimachi K: A new surgical strategy for cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and hypersplenism. Performing a hepatectomy after a laparoscopic splenectomy. Surg Endosc. 14(2):127-130.2000
49. Watanabe Y, Horiuchi A, Yoshida M, Yamamoto Y, Sugishita H, Kumagi T, Hiasa Y, Kawachi K: Significance of laparoscopic splenectomy in patients with hypersplenism. World J Surg. 31(3):549-555.2007
50. Hirooka M, Ishida K, Kisaka Y, Uehara T, Watanabe Y, Hiasa Y, Michitaka K, Onji M: Efficacy of splenectomy for hypersplenic patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res. 38(12):1172-1177.2008
51. Murata K, Ito K, Yoneda K, Shiraki K, Sakurai H, Ito M: Splenectomy improves liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatogastroenterology. 55(85):1407-1411.2008
52. Anegawa G, Kawanaka H, Uehara H, Akahoshi T, Konishi K, Yoshida D, Kinjo N, Hashimoto N, Tomikawa M, Hashizume M et al: Effect of laparoscopic splenectomy on portal hypertensive gastropathy in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 24(9):1554-1558.2009
53. Coon WW: Splenectomy for thrombocytopenia due to secondary hypersplenism. Arch Surg. 123(3):369-371.1988
54. Kercher KW, Carbonell AM, Heniford BT, Matthews BD, Cunningham DM, Reindollar RW: Laparoscopic splenectomy reverses thrombocytopenia in patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis and portal hypertension. J Gastrointest Surg. 8(1):120-126.2004
55. Spigos DG, Jonasson O, Mozes M, Capek V: Partial splenic embolization in the treatment of hypersplenism. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 132(5):777-782.1979
56. Yoshida H, Mamada Y, Taniai N, Tajiri T: Partial splenic embolization. Hepatol Res. 38(3):225-233.2008
57. N'Kontchou G, Seror O, Bourcier V, Mohand D, Ajavon Y, Castera L, Grando-Lemaire V, Ganne-Carrie N, Sellier N, Trinchet JC et al: Partial splenic embolization in patients with cirrhosis: efficacy, tolerance and long-term outcome in 32 patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 17(2):179-184.2005
58. Hayashi H, Beppu T, Okabe K, Masuda T, Okabe H, Baba H: Risk factors for complications after partial splenic embolization for liver cirrhosis. Br J Surg. 95(6):744-750.2008
59. Afdhal NH, Giannini EG, Tayyab G, Mohsin A, Lee JW, Andriulli A, Jeffers L, McHutchison J, Chen PJ, Han KH et al: Eltrombopag before procedures in patients with cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 367(8):716-724.2012