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側頭葉内側の発作間欠期てんかん性放電が記銘力に及ぼす影響に関する研究

矢内, 啓 東京大学 DOI:10.15083/0002006971

2023.03.24

概要

[課程-2]
審査の結果の要旨
氏名 矢内 啓
難治性内側側頭葉てんかん患者では、発作間欠期てんかん性放電(Interictal epileptiform
discharge: IED)が、記銘力低下の増悪因子である可能性が以前から指摘されてきた。そ
こで本研究は、両側側頭葉内側底面に留置された頭蓋内電極から測定された、側頭葉内側
の頭蓋内脳波を用いて検出された側頭葉内側の IED 頻度と、記銘力の重要な指標となる遅
延再生(日本版ウェクスラー式記憶検査)との関係について、IED 頻度が記銘力低下の独
立した増悪因子(線形関係)となり得ることを検証した。さらに、IED の頻度が記銘力低
下を引き起こす機序について、動物実験や頭皮脳波による先行研究で注目されている脳波
のθ帯域の同期性に着目し、IED 頻度と頭蓋内脳波でのθ帯域の位相同期(wPLI)の関
連について以下の結果を得た。
1. 遅延再生は優位側海馬機能の低下を鋭敏に反映するため、これを主要結果指標して、
てんかん患者の認知機能低下と関連があるとされる、覚醒時と睡眠時の IED 頻度、
てんかん発作重症度、てんかん焦点と言語優位側の一致、IED 頻度の優位側と言語優
位半球の一致、発症年齢、罹病期間、の 7 項目の説明変数と単変量解析を行った。そ
の結果、睡眠時の IED 頻度が、遅延再生と有意な負の相関を示した。この睡眠時の
IED 頻度と、単変量解析における統計学的有意差と臨床的重要性を加味して選択した
発作重症度、これら 2 つの説明変数を用いて、線形重回帰分析を行った。この結果か
らも睡眠時の IED 頻度が有意な因子として抽出された。
2. 各症例の優位側・非優位側それぞれの、睡眠時の IED 頻度と睡眠時の wPLI の相関係
数を算出すると、優位側・非優位側のそれぞれで有意な負の相関を認めた。
3. IED 前後の wPLI と、背景活動の wPLI を比較した結果から、各 IED 後に wPLI
が低下することが示された。これらは、各 IED により側頭葉内側の位相同期が低下
し、IED 頻度が高いほど位相同期低下の程度が強くなることが推察され、IED によ
る位相同期低下が遅延再生を引き起こすという仮説②を支持した。
4. 睡眠時の wPLI と遅延再生の相関係数を算出した結果、両者の間に正の相関がみら
れたが、有意な相関ではなかった。
以上、両側側頭葉内側の頭蓋内脳波を用いて、側頭葉内側の IED 頻度を計測し、記銘力低
下の関連を調べた。その結果、言語優位半球における睡眠時の IED 頻度は記銘力の独立し
た増悪因子であることが示された。さらに IED とθ帯域の位相同期は負の相関を示すだけ
でなく、IED 後に位相同期が低下することも示された。ただし、位相同期と記銘力低下は
有意な相関を示さなかったことから、IED による記銘力低下の機序の全体像についてはさ

らなる検討が必要である。しかし、今回の知見は、側頭葉内側の IED と記銘力の関係を解
明していく上で重要な情報であり、今後の IED と認知機能低下の関連の解明に寄与するも
のと考えられる。
よって本論文は博士( 医学 )の学位請求論文として合格と認められる。

この論文で使われている画像

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