い負の相関がみられた．これは最後に転倒した年数が現
1 ．平成二十八年 国民生活基礎調査 https://www.mhlw.
在に近いほど転倒リスクスコアが少し上がる傾向がある
go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/k-tyosa/k-tyosa16/index.html 平
ことを示唆している．転倒の既往，特に過去一年間での
転倒経験はその後の転倒に対する極めて強い予知因子で
あることが，国内外のいくつかの研究から立証されてい
．一度転倒を経験した高齢者は必ず短期間のうち
（17-19）
成29年 6 月27日掲載
2 ．花井良枝．介護老人保健施設入所者の眼科検診．日
本視能訓練士協会誌，66：37-39，2012．
3 ．鳥羽研二，大河内二郎，高橋 泰，他：転倒リスク
に再転倒を起こすと考えてもよく，転倒を繰り返すとい
予測のための「転倒スコア」の開発と妥当性の検証．
うことは，生理的な老化に加え，複数の疾患の累積した
日本老年医学会雑誌，42：346-352，2005．
影響であると考えられる．この観点から考えれば，転倒
リスクスコアとの負の相関がもっと強く出ることが期待
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499
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する転倒・骨折予防教室の介入効果について：転倒
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亀岡スタディ．日本公衆衛生雑誌，62：390-401，
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2015．
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高齢者の眼疾患と転倒リスク
Abstract
FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE FALL RISK SCORE
IN ELDERLY PERSONS WITH EYE DISEASES LIVING IN THE COMMUNITY
Shusuke KUWATAKA 1 ）, Nagisa SUGAYA 2 ）, Kyoko SAITO 3 ）,
Ataru IGARASHI 2 ）, Masahiko INAMORI 1 ）
1）
Department of Medical Education, Yokohama City University School of Medicine
2）
Unit of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Yokohama City University School of Medicine
3）
School of Child Education, College of Education, Shukutoku University
Falls and fractures are the third leading cause of a bedridden state in elderly people. Recent efforts have focused
on the prevention of conditions requiring long-term care. This study aimed to identify the factors contributing to the
fall risk score, with a focus on eye disease. A questionnaire was administered to 123 patients with eye diseases living
in their own home. The study included 43 men (mean age: 76.8 ± 6.3 years) and 80 women (mean age: 74.5 ± 7.2
years). There was a weak correlation between the fall risk score and logMAR visual acuity (correlation coefficient,
0.35). The fall risk scores of patients with and without eye disease were compared using Welch's test; there was no
significant difference between them.
The fall risk score was weakly correlated with the frequency of going out (correlation coefficient, 0.22), frequency
of exercise (correlation coefficient, 0.02), and number of years since the last fall (correlation coefficient, -0.23).
Multiple regression analysis (Akaike information criterion (AIC) for model selection) was performed, with the fall
risk score as the dependent variable and 10 factors, including visual acuity, cataract, and glaucoma, as independent
variables. The determination coefficient and adjusted determination coefficient were 0.20 and 0.22, respectively.
Thus, no specific risk factors could be identified.
Future studies should consider revising the fall risk score sheet, expanding the scope of eye disease evaluation
based on the confounding factors for falls identified in this study, increasing the number of respondents to the
questionnaires, and re-examining the risk factors for falls.
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