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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Ayaka Nishiyama for establishment of human FNDI-specific iPSCs. They thank
Akiko Tsuzuki for technical assistance, and all members of the Arima laboratory for valuable discussions. They
would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing. This work was supported by grants
from the Program for Intractable Disease Research Utilizing Disease-Specific iPS Cells from the Japan Science and Technology (JST) agency and the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
(K.M, JP15bm0404009, JP16bm0609002), the Project for Technological Development (to H.S.) of the Research
Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine (RCNRRM), funded by AMED (JP17bm0404018,
JP20bm0404036), the Acceleration Program for Intractable Diseases Research Utilizing Disease-Specific iPS
Cells (to H.S.) of RCNRRM funded by AMED (JP19bm0804011), Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (to
H.S.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT; JP17K09878,
JP20K08859), Nagoya University Hospital Funding for Clinical Research (71004136; to H.S.), Fusion Oriented
Research for disruptive Science and Technology (FOREST) by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),
the Hori Sciences and Arts Foundation, the Toyoaki Scholarship Foundation, the Daiko Foundation, the Nitto
Foundation, and the Suzuken Memorial Foundation.
Author contributions
H.O. performed cell culture, immunohistochemistry, made all figures, and wrote the majority of the manuscript.
H.S. conceived and designed the study and edited the manuscript. M.Sakakibara and M.Soen provided technical
support. T.Miwata and K.M. discussed all experimental results. N.M., S.T., T.N. and M.K. provided useful advice
on the SFEBq method. T.Miyata, H.T. and D.H. regularly advised on the results and figures. T.K., M.S., T.O.,
S.I., R.B. reviewed the manuscript. G.I. and Y.T. recruited FNDI patient. K.M. and H.I. generated FNDI-specific
iPSCs. H.A. led and directed this study. All co-authors discussed and commented on the manuscript.
Competing interests The authors declare the following competing interests: Shiori Taga is an employee of Sumitomo Dainippon
Pharma Co., Ltd. The other authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/
10.1038/s41598-022-22405-8.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to H.S.
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