1. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mor- tality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(6):394-424.
2. Quail DF, Joyce JA. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progres- sion and metastasis. Nat Med. 2013;19(11):1423-1437.
3. Bronte V, Brandau S, Chen SH, et al. Recommendations for myeloid- derived suppressor cell nomenclature and characterization standards. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12150.
4. Veglia F, Perego M, Gabrilovich D. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells coming of age. Nat Immunol. 2018;19(2):108-119.
5. Talmadge JE, Gabrilovich DI. History of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(10):739-752.
6. Youn JI, Gabrilovich DI. The biology of myeloid-derived suppressor cells: the blessing and the curse of morphological and functional het- erogeneity. Eur J Immunol. 2010;40(11):2969-2975.
7. Nan J, Xing YF, Hu B, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced LOX-1+ CD15+ polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunology. 2018;154(1):144-155.
8. Gabrilovich DI, Nagaraj S. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regula- tors of the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(3):162-174.
9. Greten TF, Manns MP, Korangy F. Myeloid derived suppressor cells in human diseases. Int Immunopharmacol. 2011;11(7):802-807.
10. Mlecnik B, Tosolini M, Kirilovsky A, et al. Histopathologic-based prog- nostic factors of colorectal cancers are associated with the state of the local immune reaction. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(6):610-618.
11. Iwahori K. Cytotoxic CD8+ lymphocytes in the tumor microenviron- ment. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1224:53-62.
12. Nasrollahzadeh E, Razi S, Keshavarz-Fathi M, Mazzone M, Rezaei N. Pro- tumorigenic functions of macrophages at the primary, invasive and meta- static tumor site. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2020;69(9):1673-1697.
13. Edin S, Wikberg ML, Rutegård J, Oldenborg PA, Palmqvist R. Pheno- typic skewing of macrophages in vitro by secreted factors from colo- rectal cancer cells. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74982.
14. Balzan S, Lubrano V. LOX-1 receptor: a potential link in atherosclero- sis and cancer. Life Sci. 2018;198:79-86.
15. Draude G, Hrboticky N, Lorenz RL. The expression of the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) on human vascular smooth muscle cells and monocytes and its down-regulation by lova- statin. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999;57(4):383-386.
16. Condamine T, Dominguez GA, Youn JI, et al. Lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor-1 distinguishes population of human polymorphonu- clear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer patients. Sci Immunol. 2016;1(2):aaf8943.
17. Seo JW, Yang EJ, Yoo KH, Choi IH. Macrophage differentiation from monocytes is influenced by the lipid oxidation degree of low density lipoprotein. Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:235797.
18. Murdocca M, Mango R, Pucci S, et al. The lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1: a new potential molecular target in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget. 2016;7(12):14765-14780.
19. Jiang L, Jiang S, Lin Y, et al. Combination of body mass index and oxi- dized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 in prognosis prediction of patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget. 2015; 6(26):22072-22080.
20. Gao Q, Wang S, Chen X, et al. Cancer-cell-secreted CXCL11 pro- moted CD8+ T cells infiltration through docetaxel-induced-release of HMGB1 in NSCLC. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7(1):42.
21. Ogino T, Nishimura J, Barman S, et al. Increased Th17-inducing activ- ity of CD14+ CD163 low myeloid cells in intestinal lamina propria of patients with Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology. 2013;145(6):1380- 1391.
22. Borràs E, Jurado I, Hernan I, et al. Clinical pharmacogenomic testing of KRAS, BRAF and EGFR mutations by high resolution melting analy- sis and ultra-deep pyrosequencing. BMC Cancer. 2011;11:406.
23. Ishige T, Itoga S, Sato K, et al. High-throughput screening of extended RAS mutations based on high-resolution melting analysis for predic- tion of anti-EGFR treatment efficacy in colorectal carcinoma. Clin Bio- chem. 2014;47(18):340-343.
24. Kanda Y. Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software ‘EZR’ for medical statistics. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(3): 452-458.
25. Umansky V, Blattner C, Gebhardt C, Utikal J. The role of myeloid- derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in cancer progression. Vaccines (Basel). 2016;4(4):36.
26. Nakashima-Nakasuga C, Hazama S, Suzuki N, et al. Serum LOX-1 is a novel prognostic biomarker of colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol. 2020;25(7):1308-1317.
27. Murdocca M, Capuano R, Pucci S, et al. Targeting LOX-1 inhibits colo- rectal cancer metastasis in an animal model. Front Oncol. 2019;9:927.
28. Zhang B, Wang Z, Wu L, et al. Circulating and tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells in patients with colorectal carci- noma. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57114.
29. Gabitass RF, Annels NE, Stocken DD, Pandha HA, Middleton GW. Elevated myeloid-derived suppressor cells in pancreatic, esophageal and gastric cancer are an independent prognostic factor and are asso- ciated with significant elevation of the Th2 cytokine interleukin-13. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2011;60(10):1419-1430.
30. Nagorsen D, Voigt S, Berg E, Stein H, Thiel E, Loddenkemper C. Tumor-infiltrating macrophages and dendritic cells in human colorec- tal cancer: relation to local regulatory T cells, systemic T-cell response against tumor-associated antigens and survival. J Transl Med. 2007; 5:62.
31. Edin S, Wikberg ML, Dahlin AM, et al. The distribution of macro- phages with a M1 or M2 phenotype in relation to prognosis and the molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer. PLoS One. 2012;7(10): e47045.
32. Noy R, Pollard JW. Tumor-associated macrophages: from mecha- nisms to therapy. Immunity. 2014;41(1):49-61.
33. Richards CH, Roxburgh CS, Powell AG, Foulis AK, Horgan PG, McMillan DC. The clinical utility of the local inflammatory response in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(2):309-319.
34. Chen DS, Mellman I. Elements of cancer immunity and the cancer- immune set point. Nature. 2017;541(7637):321-330.
35. Zhang B, Wu Q, Li B, Wang D, Wang L, Zhou YL. m6A regulator- mediated methylation modification patterns and tumor microenviron- ment infiltration characterization in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer. 2020; 19(1):53.
36. Fridman WH, Pagès F, Sautès-Fridman C, Galon J. The immune con- texture in human tumours: impact on clinical outcome. Nat Rev Can- cer. 2012;12(4):298-306.
37. Fridman WH, Zitvogel L, Sautès-Fridman C, Kroemer G. The immune contexture in cancer prognosis and treatment. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(12):717-734.
38. Gajewski TF, Schreiber H, Fu YX. Innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Nat Immunol. 2013;14(10):1014-1022.
39. Luke JJ, Bao R, Sweis RF, Spranger S, Gajewski TF. WNT/β-catenin pathway activation correlates with immune exclusion across human cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(10):3074-3083.
40. Anastas JN, Moon RT. WNT signalling pathways as therapeutic tar- gets in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(1):11-26.
41. Bienz M, Clevers H. Linking colorectal cancer to Wnt signaling. Cell. 2000;103(2):311-320.