リケラボ論文検索は、全国の大学リポジトリにある学位論文・教授論文を一括検索できる論文検索サービスです。

リケラボ 全国の大学リポジトリにある学位論文・教授論文を一括検索するならリケラボ論文検索大学・研究所にある論文を検索できる

リケラボ 全国の大学リポジトリにある学位論文・教授論文を一括検索するならリケラボ論文検索大学・研究所にある論文を検索できる

大学・研究所にある論文を検索できる 「Design of a retrofitted pilot-controlled system to conduct flight-deck interval management (本文)」の論文概要。リケラボ論文検索は、全国の大学リポジトリにある学位論文・教授論文を一括検索できる論文検索サービスです。
リケラボ

コピーが完了しました

URLをコピーしました

論文の公開元へ論文の公開元へ
書き出し

Design of a retrofitted pilot-controlled system to conduct flight-deck interval management (本文)

Riedel, Timo Mario 慶應義塾大学

2020.03.23

概要

This thesis explores Flight-deck Interval Management (FIM), an airborne self-spacing technology to ensure the safe and efficient operation of aircraft in highly utilized airspace by speed control. Leading research on FIM was conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), who proposed the current control logic ASTAR, and designed the dedicated avionics for FIM. However, industry demand and the wish to demonstrate the technology earlier called for a paradigm change from a fully automated, to a retrofitted, pilot-controlled system. In early 2017, NASA concluded their research on FIM with a flight test that revealed that the current control logic issues too many speed commands, and thereby causes too much workload for the pilots. Therefore, it was recommended to explore alternative control logics to achieve operational implementation.

The aim and originality of this thesis is in the proposal, optimization, and testing of a new, easy- to-integrate control logic, called IM-SP, that uses an original two-staged rule-based speed plan modification concept, which employs performance and pilot workload related decision factors. Focus was given on the reduction of speed commands and other findings made by NASA during their test. Optimization was achieved using evolutionary algorithms, and a flight simulator evaluation, involving airline and test pilots, was conducted. It is envisioned that the results of this thesis will provide the FIM research community with tools and ideas to bring FIM toward operational implementation, so that the time and performance goals of global and national airspace improvement initiatives are met.

Chapter 1 introduces the current research matter, motivation for the topic, and the thesis structure.

Chapter 2 explains the concepts and history of FIM in further detail and gives a description of the ASTAR control logic along an in-depth analysis of the issues found in the ATD-1 flight test. Further, other models and concepts important to this thesis are presented.

Chapter 3 shows the research results of multiple feasibility studies using large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of aircraft using ASTAR based FIM on arrivals in Tokyo International Airport. These simulations were used to investigate the spacing performance and speed control behavior of ASTAR and to ensure arrival route compatibility under local environmental conditions.

Chapter 4 introduces the IM-SP concept and describes its design principles and two-staged selection-algorithm. Two benchmark studies are shown, comparing the performance of ASTAR to IM-SP.

Chapter 5 describes an optimization study of IM-SP, using Particle Swarm Optimization to improve the selection logic for an improved spacing performance, user friendliness and ecology. Two distinctive results, a spacing performance optimal, and a fuel performance improved solution, are shown in detail.

Chapter 6 presents the setup and results of the flight simulator evaluation in which airline and certified test pilots evaluated FIM, ASTAR and IM-SP in an Airbus A320 flight simulator, recreating the ATD-1 flight test environment. Pilots’ comments are provided and further observations are presented

Chapter 7 concludes this paper with a summary of the research achievements and an outlook on future research tasks, including potential enhancements for FIM.

論文の公開元へ

この論文で使われている画像

関連論文

関連論文をもっと見る

参考文献

(1) Japan Aircraft Development Corporation. Worldwide Market Forecast 2019-2038. [Online, Accessed on 15 Oct. 2019]. http://www.jadc.jp/files/topics/143_ext_01_en_0.pdf

(2) Boeing. Boeing Commercial Market Outlook 2019-2038. [Online, Accessed on 15 Oct. 2019]. https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/commercial/market/commercial- market-outlook/assets/downloads/cmo-sept-2019-report-final.pdf

(3) Airbus S.A.S. Global Market Forecast 2019-2038. [Online, Accessed on 15 Oct. 2019]. https://www.airbus.com/content/dam/corporate-topics/strategy/global-market-forecast/GMF-2019-2038-Airbus-Commercial-Aircraft-book.pdf

(4) International Civil Aviation Organization, "Global Air Navigation Plan - Fifth Edition," ICAO, Montre´al, QC, Doc 9750-AN/963, 2016.

(5) Federal Aviation Administration. NextGen Implementation Plan 2016. [Online, Accessed on 31 Mar. 2019]. https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/media/NextGen_Implementation_Plan-2016.pdf

(6) SESAR Joint Undertaking. European ATM Master Plan 2015 Edition. [Online, Accessed on 31 Mar. 2019]. https://www.atmmasterplan.eu/downloads/202

(7) Study Group for the Future Air Traffic System. Long-term Vision for the Future Air Traffic Systems CARATS, Collaborative Actions for Renovations of Air Traffic Systems. [Online, Accessed on 31 Mar. 2019]. https://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000128185.pdf

(8) B. Randall and K. Long, "Air traffic controller utilization of voice and Data Link Communications during Interval Management," in 2016 Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance (ICNS), Herndon, VA, 2016, pp. 2D1-1-2D1-16.

(9) RTCA/EUROCAE, "Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for Flight-deck Interval Management (FIM)," Washington, DC, RTCA DO-361/EUROCAE ED-236, 2015.

(10) RTCA/EUROCAE, "Safety, Performance and Interoperability Requirements Document for Airborne Spacing - Flight Deck Interval Management (ASPA-FIM)," Washington, DC, RTCA DO-328/EUROCAE ED-195, 2011.

(11) L. Spinoso, G. Coville, and C. Roberts, "Analysis of the excess Inter-Arrival Time distribution," in 2014 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) Conference Proceedings, Herndon, VA, 2014, pp. 1-15.

(12) R. S. Bone and A. S. Mendolia, "Pilot and Air Traffic Controller use of Interval Management during Terminal Metering Operations," The MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, MITRE Technical Report MTR170570, Jan. 2018.

(13) B. T. Baxley, W. C. Johnson, J. Scardina, and R. F. Shay, "Air Traffic Management Technology Demonstration-1 Concept of Operations (ATD-1 ConOps), Version 3.0," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/TM−2016-219213, 2016.

(14) T. S. Abbott, "An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self- Spacing: Seventh Revision," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/CR–2015- 218794, 2015.

(15) T. S. Abbott and K. S. Swieringa, "An Overview of a Trajectory-Based Solution for En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing: Eighth Revision," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/TM–2017-219662, 2017.

(16) T. S. Abbott, "A Trajectory Algorithm to Support En Route and Terminal Area Self-Spacing Concepts: Third Revision," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/CR–2014- 218288, 2014.

(17) B. T. Baxley, K. A. Swieringa, S. R. Wilson, R. D. Roper, T. S. Abbott, C. E. Hubbs, P. Goess, and R. F. Shay, "Air Traffic Management Technology Demonstration-1 (ATD-1) Avionics Phase 2 Flight Test and Results," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/TP–2018-219814, 2018.

(18) B. T. Baxley, K. A. Swieringa, R. D. Roper, C. E. Hubbs, P. Goess, and R. F. Shay, "Recommended changes to interval management to achieve operational implementation," in 2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), St. Petersburg, FL, 2017, pp. 1-10.

(19) B. T. Baxley, K. A. Swieringa, S. R. Wilson, R. D. Roper, C. E. Hubbs, P. Goess, and R. F. Shay, "Flight Crew Survey Responses from the Interval Management (IM) Avionics Phase 2 Flight Test," in 17th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, Denver, CO, 2017.

(20) K. A. Swieringa, S. R. Wilson, B. T. Baxley, R. D. Roper, T. S. Abbott, I. Levitt, and J. Scharl, "Flight Test Evaluation of the ATD-1 Interval Management Application," in 17th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, Denver, CO, 2017.

(21) B. T. Baxley, M. T. Palmer, and K. A. Swieringa, "Cockpit Interfaces, Displays, and Alerting Messages for the Interval Management Alternative Clearances (IMAC) Experiment," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/TM–2015-218775, 2015.

(22) B. T. Baxley, S. R. Wilson, K. A. Swieringa, W. C. Johnson, R. D. Roper, C. E. Hubbs, P. Goess, and R. F. Shay, "Human-in-the-Loop Assessment of Alternative Clearances in Interval Management Arrival Operations," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/TP–2016-219362, 2016.

(23) N. de Gelder, F. J.L. Bussink, E. G. Knapen, and A. C. in't Veld, "Interval Management Operations in the Terminal Airspace of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol," in AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, San Diego, CA, 2016.

(24) F. J.L. Bussink, J. J. van der Laan, and P. M.A. de Jong, "Combining Flight-deck Interval Management with Continuous Descent Approaches in high density traffic and realistic wind conditions," in AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, Minneapolis, MN, 2012.

(25) E. Itoh, K. Uejima, H. Chida, K. Nishinari, M. M.C. Everdij, G. J. Bakker, and H. A.P. Blom, "An Overview of Airborne Time-Spacing Research in the JADE Program," in International Conference on Application and Theory of Automation in Command and Control Systems, ATACCS, London, United Kingdom, 2012.

(26) E. Itoh, K. Uejima, Y. Kakichi, and S. Suzuki, "Modeling and Simulation Study on Airborne based Energy Saving Arrivals to Tokyo International Airport," in AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference, Boston, MA, 2013.

(27) E. Itoh and K. Uejima, "Applying Flight-deck Interval Management based Continuous Descent Operation for Arrival Air Traffic to Tokyo International Airport," in 10th USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar (ATM2013), Chicago, IL, 2013.

(28) X. Bai and L. A. Weitz, "Exploring a Model Predictive Control Law to Design Four-Dimensional Trajectories for Interval Management," in AIAA Information Systems-AIAA Infotech @ Aerospace, Grapevine, TX, 2017.

(29) L. A. Weitz and X. Bai, "Using Model Predictive Control for Trajectory Optimization and to Meet Spacing Objectives," in 2018 AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference, Kissimmee, FL, 2018.

(30) J. Banke and L. Gipson. NASA Presents FAA with New Air Traffic Management Technology. [Online, Accessed on 8 Oct. 2019]. https://www.nasa.gov/aero/nasa-presents-faa-with-new- air-traffic-management-technology

(31) Japan Civil Aviation Bureau. Capacity Expansion Program for Tokyo Metropolitan Airports. [Online, Accessed on 19 Oct. 2019]. http://www.schedule-coordination.jp/news/pdf/1_capacity_expansion_program_for_tokyo_metropolitan_airport.pdf

(32) International Civil Aviation Organization, "Procedures for Air Navigation Services Air Traffic Management Sixteenth Edition," ICAO, Montre´al, QC, Doc 4444, 2016.

(33) A. L. Haines, "Parameters of Future ATC Systems Relating to Airport Capacity/Delay," Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, FAA-EM-78-8A, 1978.

(34) W. J. Swedish, "Evaluation of the Potential for Reduced Longitudinal Spacing on Final Approach," Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, FAA-EM-79-7, 1979.

(35) B. T. Baxley, B. E. Barmore, T. S. Abbott, and W. R. Capron, "Operational Concept for Flight Crews to Participate in Merging and Spacing of Aircraft," in 6th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration and Operations Conference (ATIO), Wichita, KS, 2006.

(36) J. L. Murdoch, B. E. Barmore, B. T. Baxley, T. S. Abbott, and W. R. Capron, "Evaluation of an Airborne Spacing Concept to Support Continuous Descent Arrival Operation," in 8th USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar (ATM2009), Napa, CA, 2009, pp. 1-9.

(37) B. E. Barmore, R. S. Bone, and W. J. Penhallegon, "Flight Deck-Based Merging and Spacing Operations," Air Traffic Control Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 5-37, 2009.

(38) Cockpit Revolution. (2019) Airbus A319/A320/A321 [LCD] CEO & NEO. Cockpit Poster for Training Use. http://www.cockpitrevolution.com

(39) Eurocontrol, "Surveillance Data Exchange - Part 12 ADS-B Reports," Eurocontrol, SUR.ET1.ST05.2000-STD-12-01, 2010.

(40) D. Toratani, N. K. Wickramasinghe, and H. Hirabayashi, "Evaluating Energy-Saving Arrivals of Wide-Body Passenger Aircraft via Flight-Simulator Experiments," in 2018 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), Stockholm, Sweden, 2018, pp. 2249-2260.

(41) E. Itoh, S. Fukushima, H. Hirabayashi, and N. K. Wickramasinghe, "Evaluating Energy-Saving Arrivals of Wide-Body Passenger Aircraft via Flight-Simulator Experiments," AIAA Journal of Aircraft, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 2427-2443, 2019.

(42) E. Itoh, H. Hirabayashi, N. K. Wickramasinghe, and S. Fukushima, "Feasibility study on fixed flight-path angle descent for wide-body passenger aircraft," CEAS Aeronautical Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 589-612, 2019.

(43) Eurocontrol Experimental Centre, "User Manual for the Base of Aircraft Data (BADA) Revision 3.12," Eurocontrol, 2014, Project BADA - EEC Technical/Scientific Report No. 14/04/24-44, 2014.

(44) T. Riedel, M. Takahashi, T. Tatsukawa, and E. Itoh, "Evaluating Applied Flight-deck Interval Management using Monte Carlo Simulations on the K-Supercomputer," Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 299-309, 2019.

(45) T. Riedel, E. Itoh, M. Takahashi, and T. Tatsukawa, "Preliminary Study on Interval Management for Improving Aircraft Speed Command Behavior," in 55th JSASS Aircraft Symposium, Matsue, Japan, 2017, pp. 1-12.

(46) T. Riedel, E. Itoh, and M. Takahashi, "Investigating Aircraft Speed Control Logics for Interval Management targeting Arrival Traffic to Tokyo International Airport," in 2017 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology (APISAT), Seoul, South Korea, 2017, pp. 1-10.

(47) H. Miyazaki, Y. Kusano, S. Naoki, F. Shoji, M. Yokokawa, and T. Watanabe, "Overview of the K computer System," FUJITSU Scientific & Technical Journal, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 255-265, 2012.

(48) T. Riedel, M. Takahashi, and E. Itoh, "Reducing Speed Commands in Interval Management using Speed Planning," The Aeronautical Journal, vol. 124, no. 1272, pp. 189-215, 2020.

(49) T. Riedel, M. Takahashi, E. Itoh, T. Feuerle, and P. Frost, "Evaluating Speed Logics for Flight-deck Interval Management," in 6th ENRI International Workshop on ATM/CNS, Tokyo, JP, 2019, pp. 1-7.

(50) Japan Civil Aviation Bureau, "Aeronautical Information Publication AD2-24, RJTT Charts Related to an Aerodrome," eAIP Japan, 2018.

(51) T. Riedel, M. Takahashi, and E. Itoh, "Cost Function Optimisation of Interval Management - Speed Planning using SMPSO," The Aeronautical Journal, under Review, pp. 1-28, 2020.

(52) J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart, "Particle Swarm Optimization," in Proceedings of ICNN’95 - IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, Perth, Australia, 1995, pp. 1942-1948.

(53) A. J. Nebro, J. J. Durillo, J. Garcí´a-Nieto, C. A. Coello Coello, F. Luna, and E. Alba, "SMPSO: A New PSO-based Metaheuristic for Multi-objective Optimization," in 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), Nashville, TN, 2009.

(54) H. Rahil, B. Abou El Majd, and M. Bouchoum, "Optimized Air Routes Connections for Real Hub Schedule Using SMPSO Algorithm," in Recent Developments in Metaheuristics, Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series. Cham: Springer, 2018, vol. 62, pp. 369-384.

(55) Y. Shi and R. Eberhart, "A Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer," in 1998 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence, Anchorage, AK, 1998, pp. 69-73.

(56) M. R. Sierra and C. A. Coello Coello, "Improving PSO-Based Multi-objective, Optimization Using Crowding, Mutation and ϵ-Dominance," in Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Third International Conference, EMO 2005, Guanajuato, Mexico, March 9-11, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2005, pp. 505-519.

(57) M. Clerc and J. Kennedy, "The Particle Swarm—Explosion, Stability, and Convergence in a Multidimensional Complex Space," IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, vol. 6, no. 1, 2002.

(58) D. Hadka. MOEA Framework – A Free and Open Source Java Framework for Multiobjective Optimization. [Online, Accessed on 1 May 2019]. https://moeaframework.org

(59) T. Riedel, M. Takahashi, E. Itoh, P. Frost, and T. Feuerle, "Pilot-Centered Evaluation of Flight-Deck Interval Management Control Laws using an A320 Simulator," AIAA Journal of Aircraft, under Review, pp.1-33, 2020.

(60) G. F. Wilber, "ATM Technology Demonstration-1 Phase II Boeing Configurable Graphical Display (CGD) Software Design Description," NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, NASA/CR- 2017-219594, 2017.

(61) Federal Aviation Administration, "Electronic Flight Displays," Washington, DC, AC 25-11B, 2014.

(62) M. Yeh, Y.J. Jo, C. Donovan, and S. Gabree, "Human Factors Considerations in the Design and Evaluation of Flight Deck Displays and Controls," Washington, DC, 2013.

参考文献をもっと見る

全国の大学の
卒論・修論・学位論文
を
一発検索！

この論文の関連論文を見る