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9-12歳の児童における身体活動と日中の眠気の関連

Isa, Tsunenori 伊佐, 常紀 イサ, ツネノリ 神戸大学

2020.03.25

概要

【目的】児童期の日中の眠気の有訴率は約 20%である.日中の眠気は学業成績の不良を引き起こすため、児童期における日中の眠気を予防することが必要である.身体活動が少ないことは日中の眠気と関連することが報告されているが、生活習慣が大きく変化する複数の学年の児童を対象とした調査は、我々の知る限りない.本研究は小学4年~6年(9~12歳)の児童を対象として、各学年における日中の眠気の有訴率を明らかにすることと、身体活動と日中の眠気の関連を明らかにすることを目的とした.

【方法】本研究は、神戸市内の小学4年~ 6年の314名(平均年齢 10.5歳;男児52.9%)を対象とした横断研究である.日中の眠気は自記式質問紙を用いて聴取し、日中の眠気なし群とあり群に分類した.身体活動は日本語 版 PhysicalActivity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ・C)を用いて調査した. PAQ・Cは得点が高いほど、身体活動が多いことを示す.統計解析は、日中の眠気と身体活動の関連を検討するため、従属変数を日中の眠気の有無、独立変数を身体活動とした単変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行い、その後、交絡変数を学年、夜間の小型電子機器の使用、睡眠時間とした強制投入法による多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を行った.

【結果】 13中の眠気の有訴率は、 4年が10.8%,5年が25.2%,6年が28.6%であった.単変量および多変量ロジスティック回帰分析において、交絡変数で調整後も、身体活動が少ないことは日中の眠気を有することと有意に関連した(単変量:オッズ比0.67,95%信頼区間 0.47-0.95;多変量:オッズ比0.54,95%信頼区間 0.37-0.81). 【結論]学年進行に伴い日中の眠気の有訴率は高くなり、身体活動が少ない児童は日中の眠気を有する割合が高かった.

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