1. Berglundh, T.; Lindhe, J.; Marinello, C.; Ericsson, I.; Liljenberg, B. Soft tissue reaction to de novo plaque formation on implants and teeth. An experimental study in the dog. Clin. Oral Implants Res. 1992, 3, 1–8. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2. Berglundh, T.; Lindhe, J.; Ericsson, I.; Marinello, C.P.; Liljenberg, B.; Thomsen, P. The soft tissue barrier at implants and teeth. Clin. Oral Implants Res. 1991, 2, 81–90. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Diener, A.; Nebe, B.; Luthen, F.; Becker, P.; Beck, U.; Neumann, H.G.; Rychly, J. Control of focal adhesion dynamics by material surface characteristics. Biomaterials 2005, 26, 383–392. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. Borradori, L.; Sonnenberg, A. Structure and function of hemidesmosomes: More than simple adhesion complexes. J. Investig. Dermatol. 1999, 112, 411–418. [CrossRef]
5. Litjens, S.H.; de Pereda, J.M.; Sonnenberg, A. Current insights into the formation and breakdown of hemidesmosomes. Trends Cell Biol. 2006, 16, 376–383. [CrossRef]
6. Goldfinger, L.E.; Hopkinson, S.B.; deHart, G.W.; Collawn, S.; Couchman, J.R.; Jones, J.C. The alpha3 laminin subunit, alpha6beta4 and alpha3beta1 integrin coordinately regulate wound healing in cultured epithelial cells and in the skin. J. Cell. Sci. 1999, 112, 2615–2629.
7. Stern, I.B. Current concepts of the dentogingival junction: The epithelial and connective tissue attachments to the tooth. J. Periodontol. 1981, 52, 465–476. [CrossRef]
8. Rousselle, P.; Lunstrum, G.P.; Keene, D.R.; Burgeson, R.E. Kalinin: An epithelium-specific basement membrane adhesion molecule that is a component of anchoring filaments. J. Cell Biol. 1991, 114, 567–576. [CrossRef]
9. Brånemark, P.I.; Adell, R.; Breine, U.; Hansson, B.O.; Lindström, J.; Ohlsson, Å. Intra-osseous anchorage of dental prostheses: I. Experimental studies. Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1969, 3, 81–100. [CrossRef]
10. Atsuta, I.; Ayukawa, Y.; Furuhashi, A.; Ogino, Y.; Moriyama, Y.; Tsukiyama, Y.; Koyano, K. In vivo and in vitro studies of epithelial cell behavior around titanium implants with machined and rough surfaces. Clin. Implant Dent. Relat. Res. 2014, 16, 772–781. [CrossRef]
11. Nakagawa, M.; Zhang, L.; Udoh, K.; Matsuya, S.; Ishikawa, K. Effects of hydrothermal treatment with CaCl2 solution on surface property and cell response of titanium implants. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2005, 16, 985–991. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. Varani, J.; Gibbs, D.F.; Inman, D.R.; Shah, B.; Fligiel, S.E.; Voorhees, J.J. Inhibition of epithelial cell adhesion by retinoic acid. Relationship to reduced extracellular matrix production and alterations in Ca2+ levels. Am. J. Pathol. 1991, 138, 887–895. [PubMed]
13. Oshiro, W.; Ayukawa, Y.; Atsuta, I.; Furuhashi, A.; Yamazoe, J.; Kondo, R.; Sakaguchi, M.; Matsuura, Y.; Tsukiyama, Y.; Koyano, K. Effects of CaCl2 hydrothermal treatment of titanium implant surfaces on early epithelial sealing. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 2015, 131, 141–147. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. Wang, X.; Ito, A.; Sogo, Y.; Li, X.; Oyane, A. Zinc-containing apatite layers on external fixation rods promoting cell activity. Acta Biomater. 2010, 6, 962–968. [CrossRef]
15. Hie, M.; Tsukamoto, I. Administration of zinc inhibits osteoclastogenesis through the suppression of RANK expression in bone. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2011, 668, 140–146. [CrossRef]
16. Ancsin, J.B.; Kisilevsky, R. Laminin interactions important for basement membrane assembly are promoted by zinc and implicate laminin zinc finger-like sequences. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271, 6845–6851. [CrossRef]
17. Dang, Y.; Zhang, L.; Song, W.; Chang, B.; Han, T.; Zhang, Y.; Zhao, L. In vivo osseointegration of Ti implants with a strontium-containing nanotubular coating. Int. J. Nanomed. 2016, 11, 1003–1011. [CrossRef]
18. Okawachi, H.; Ayukawa, Y.; Atsuta, I.; Furuhashi, A.; Sakaguchi, M.; Yamane, K.; Koyano, K. Effect of titanium surface calcium and magnesium on adhesive activity of epithelial-like cells and fibroblasts. Biointerphases 2012, 7, 27. [CrossRef]
19. Zhang, L.; Ayukawa, Y.; Legeros, R.Z.; Matsuya, S.; Koyano, K.; Ishikawa, K. Tissue-response to calcium-bonded titanium surface. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2010, 95, 33–39. [CrossRef]
20. Shiraiwa, M.; Goto, T.; Yoshinari, M.; Koyano, K.; Tanaka, T. A study of the initial attachment and subsequent behavior of rat oral epithelial cells cultured on titanium. J. Periodontol. 2002, 73, 852–860. [CrossRef]
21. Yasunami, N.; Ayukawa, Y.; Furuhashi, A.; Atsuta, I.; Rakhmatia, Y.D.; Moriyama, Y.; Masuzaki, T.; Koyano, K. Acceleration of hard and soft tissue healing in the oral cavity by a single transmucosal injection of fluvastatin-impregnated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres. An in vitro and rodent in vivo study. Biomed. Mater. 2015, 11, 015001. [CrossRef]
22. Narimatsu, I.; Atsuta, I.; Ayukawa, Y.; Oshiro, W.; Yasunami, N.; Furuhashi, A.; Koyano, K. Epithelial and Connective Tissue Sealing around Titanium Implants with Various Typical Surface Finishes. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 2019, 5, 4976–4984. [CrossRef]
23. Atsuta, I.; Ayukawa, Y.; Furuhashi, A.; Yamaza, T.; Tsukiyama, Y.; Koyano, K. Promotive effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 for epithelial sealing to titanium implants. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2013, 101, 2896–2904. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. Ikeda, H.; Yamaza, T.; Yoshinari, M.; Ohsaki, Y.; Ayukawa, Y.; Kido, M.A.; Inoue, T.; Shimono, M.; Koyano, K.; Tanaka, T. Ultrastructural and immunoelectron microscopic studies of the peri-implant epithelium-implant (Ti-6Al-4V) interface of rat maxilla. J. Periodontol. 2000, 71, 961–973. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. Atsuta, I.; Yamaza, T.; Yoshinari, M.; Mino, S.; Goto, T.; Kido, M.A.; Terada, Y.; Tanaka, T. Changes in the distribution of laminin-5 during peri-implant epithelium formation after immediate titanium implantation in rats. Biomaterials 2005, 26, 1751–1760. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
26. Atsuta, I.; Yamaza, T.; Yoshinari, M.; Goto, T.; Kido, M.A.; Kagiya, T.; Mino, S.; Shimono, M.; Tanaka, T. Ultrastructural localization of laminin-5 (gamma2 chain) in the rat peri-implant oral mucosa around a titanium-dental implant by immuno-electron microscopy. Biomaterials 2005, 26, 6280–6287. [CrossRef]
27. Yamaza, T.; Kido, M.A.; Kiyoshima, T.; Nishimura, Y.; Himeno, M.; Tanaka, T. A fluid-phase endocytotic capacity and intracellular degradation of a foreign protein (horseradish peroxidase) by lysosomal cysteine proteinases in the rat junctional epithelium. J. Periodont. Res. 1997, 32, 651–660. [CrossRef]
28. Atsuta, I.; Ayukawa, Y.; Furuhashi, A.; Narimatsu, I.; Kondo, R.; Oshiro, W.; Koyano, K. Epithelial sealing effectiveness against titanium or zirconia implants surface. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2019, 107, 1379–1385. [CrossRef]
29. Feng, B.; Chen, J.Y.; Qi, S.K.; He, L.; Zhao, J.Z.; Zhang, X.D. Characterization of surface oxide films on titanium and bioactivity. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2002, 13, 457–464. [CrossRef]
30. Zhu, L.; Ye, X.; Tang, G.; Zhao, N.; Gong, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, J.; Zhang, X. Biomimetic coating of compound titania and hydroxyapatite on titanium. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2007, 83, 1165–1175. [CrossRef]
31. Roach, P.; Farrar, D.; Perry, C.C. Interpretation of protein adsorption: Surface-induced conformational changes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 8168–8173. [CrossRef]
32. Ayukawa, Y.; Oshiro, W.; Atsuta, I.; Furuhashi, A.; Kondo, R.; Jinno, Y.; Koyano, K. Long term retention of gingival sealing around titanium implants with CaCl2 hydrothermal treatment: A rodent study. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1560. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
33. Li, Y.; Xiong, W.; Zhang, C.; Gao, B.; Guan, H.; Cheng, H.; Fu, J.; Li, F. Enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial action of zinc-loaded titania-nanotube-coated titanium substrates: In vitro and in vivo studies. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2014, 102, 3939–3950. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
34. Chen, X.; Chen, Y.; Shen, J.; Xu, J.; Zhu, L.; Gu, X.; He, F.; Wang, H. Positive modulation of osteogenesis on a titanium oxide surface incorporating strontium oxide: An in vitro and in vivo study. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl. 2019, 99, 710–718. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
35. Kinumatsu, T.; Hashimoto, S.; Muramatsu, T.; Sasaki, H.; Jung, H.S.; Yamada, S.; Shimono, M. Involvement of laminin and integrins in adhesion and migration of junctional epithelium cells. J. Periodont. Res. 2009, 44, 13–20. [CrossRef]
36. Kainulainen, T.; Hakkinen, L.; Hamidi, S.; Larjava, K.; Kallioinen, M.; Peltonen, J.; Salo, T.; Larjava, H.; Oikarinen, A. Laminin-5 expression is independent of the injury and the microenvironment during reepithelialization of wounds. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 1998, 46, 353–360. [CrossRef]
37. Ryan, M.C.; Tizard, R.; VanDevanter, D.R.; Carter, W.G. Cloning of the LamA3 gene encoding the alpha 3 chain of the adhesive ligand epiligrin. Expression in wound repair. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269, 22779–22787.
38. Lansdown, A.B.; Mirastschijski, U.; Stubbs, N.; Scanlon, E.; Agren, M.S. Zinc in wound healing: Theoretical, experimental, and clinical aspects. Wound Repair Regen. 2007, 15, 2–16. [CrossRef]
39. Zuk, A.; Matlin, K.S.; Hay, E.D. Type I collagen gel induces Madin-Darby canine kidney cells to become fusiform in shape and lose apical-basal polarity. J. Cell Biol. 1989, 108, 903–919. [CrossRef]
40. Mills, J.W.; Zhou, J.H.; Cardoza, L.; Ferm, V.H. Zinc alters actin filaments in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1992, 116, 92–100. [CrossRef]
41. Carulli, S.; Beck, K.; Dayan, G.; Boulesteix, S.; Lortat-Jacob, H.; Rousselle, P. Cell surface proteoglycans syndecan-1 and -4 bind overlapping but distinct sites in laminin alpha3 LG45 protein domain. J. Biol. Chem. 2012, 287, 12204–12216. [CrossRef]
42. Mizushima, H.; Takamura, H.; Miyagi, Y.; Kikkawa, Y.; Yamanaka, N.; Yasumitsu, H.; Misugi, K.; Miyazaki, K. Identification of integrin-dependent and -independent cell adhesion domains in COOH-terminal globular region of laminin-5 alpha 3 chain. Cell Growth Differ. 1997, 8, 979–987. [PubMed]
43. Takeuchi, Y.; Yanagishita, M.; Hascall, V.C. Effects of MgCl2 on the release and recycling of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in a rat parathyroid cell line. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1992, 298, 371–379. [CrossRef]