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Dispersion and damping rate of plasmino excitations in the high density Yukawa model

阿部, 雄哉 東京大学 DOI:10.15083/0002004673

2022.06.22

概要

Field theory at high density is an important subject for not only academic exercise but also for applications for materials in reality. There exist several classes of matter where the high density physics plays a crucial role. One clear instance of such classes of matter is found in the neutron star. Another example is a quark-gluon plasma, although high temperature effects are considerable in the quark-gluon plasma. To study these systems the relativistic thermal field theory is employed, while non-relativistic descriptions are common in condensed matter physics. However, the importance of the relativistic thermal field theory in condensed matter physics is increasing according to the experimental progresses; e.g. discovery of Weyl and Dirac semimetals, Hamiltonian engineering with the optical lattice, and so on.

In this thesis, we analyze the density effect on matter with finite chiral imbalance using a Yukawa model, which can be easily generalized into more complex systems like QED and QCD. We study the dispersion relations of the fermionic collective modes quantitatively in an advanced theoretical framework called the hard dense loop approximation. This method is an analogue of the hard thermal loop approximation especially known in the QCD contexts. We emphasize that the hard thermal/dense loop approximation is well founded and indispensable for the contemporary hot/dense matter calculations. In this framework we can include higher order effects of the fermion self energy. With these higher order terms, we compute not only the dispersion relations but also the damping rates and the spectral functions of the fermionic collective modes.

Then, we find that the damping rates of the fermionic excitations remain small compared to their excitation energies as long as the dimensionless coupling constant is of order of the unity or smaller. Our results indicate a tendency that the damping rates become even smaller with larger chiral imbalance. Especially a dispersion branch named “collective branch” has considerably small damping rate, so that this branch can be easily distinguished from other branches even when the chiral imbalance is not large. We also discuss experimental opportunities to observe such fermionic excitations with the help of the photon emission spectroscopy and the more sophisticated ARPES method.

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