外部情報の80％を占める視機能は高度情報化社会では必須の機能であるが，高齢社会の急速な到来により視機能障害を有する患者数は急激に増加している。さらに患者背景も社会構造の変化に伴い，大きく変わっており，これらに対応するため眼科は大きな変革を求められている。一方，人工知能や遺伝学を中心とした科学技術の進歩は，眼科研究，臨床を大きく向上させている。眼科では画像情報，数値情報を中心とした診療データを取り扱うためデジタル化に適しており，今日急速に進んでいるデジタルトランスフォーメーションは眼科との親和性が高い。本稿では現在の眼科学が直面している課題と，アンメットニーズ，これらに対する対策を記述する。さらに最新の技術を眼科学の発展のためにどのように活用していくのか実例を示しながら総括する。
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2） Kume A, Ohshiro T, Sakurada Y, Kikushima W, Yoneyama S and Kashiwagi K: Treatment Pat- terns and Health Care Costs for Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan: An Analysis of National Insurance Claims Data. Ophthalmology 2016
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4） Kashiwagi K and Furuya T: Persistence with topi- cal glaucoma therapy among newly diagnosed Japanese patients. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2014; 58: 68–74.
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8） Murata H, Zangwill LM, Fujino Y, Matsuura M, Miki A, Hirasawa K, et al.: Validating Variational Bayes Linear Regression Method With Multi- Central Datasets. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59: 1897–1904.
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12） Kashiwagi K, Ito K, Haniuda H, Ohtsubo S and Takeoka S: Development of latanoprost-loaded biodegradable nanosheet as a new drug delivery system for glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54: 5629–5637.
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16） Takeda A, Shinozaki Y, Kashiwagi K, Ohno N, Eto K, Wake H, et al.: Microglia mediate non-cell- autonomous cell death of retinal ganglion cells. Glia 2018; 66: 2366–2384.
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23） Mabuchi F, Mabuchi N, Sakurada Y, Yoneyama S, Kashiwagi K, Iijima H, et al.: Genetic Variants As- sociated With the Onset and Progression of Pri- mary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 215: 135–140.
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