1. 豊島聰 & 黒川達夫 編. 医薬品のレギュラトリーサイエンス IV 国際共同治験. 南山堂. 100-110 (2016).
2. International Conference on Harmonization. (1998). E5 Guideline: Ethnic Factors in the Acceptability of Foreign Clinical Data (R1).<http://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public_Web_Site/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Efficacy/E5_R1/Ste p4/E5_R1 Guideline.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
3. Uyama, Y., Hanaoka, H., Nagai, N., Shibata, T., Toyoshima, S. & Mori, K. Successful bridging strategy based on ICH E5 guideline for drugs approved in Japan. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 78, 102-113 (2005).
4. Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). 5-Year Strategy for the Creation of Innovative Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices.. (2007).<https://www.mhlw.go.jp/bunya/iryou/shinkou/dl/03.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
5. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Basic principles on Global Clinical Trials. (2007).<http://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000157900.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
6. Ichimaru, K., Toyoshima, S. & Uyama, Y. Effective Global Drug Development Strategy for Obtaining Regulatory Approval in Japan in the Context of Ethnicity-Related Drug Response Factors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 87, 362-366 (2010).
7. Shirotani, M., Kurokawa, T., & Chiba, K. Comparison of Global versus Asian Clinical Trial Strategies Supportive of Registration of Drugs in Japan. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 54, 753-764 (2014).
8. Asano, K., Tanaka, A., Sato, T., & Uyama, Y. Regulatory Challenges in the Review of Data from Global Clinical Trials: The PMDA Perspective. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 94, 195-198 (2013).
9. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Basic Principles on Global Clinical Trials (Reference Cases). (2012). <http://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000157520.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
10. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Basic Principles for Conducting Phase I Trials in theJapanese Population Prior to Global Clinical Trials. (2014).<https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000157777.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
11. European Medicine Agency. Reflection paper on the extrapolation of results from clinical studies conducted outside the EU to the EU-population. (2009).<http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2009/11/WC5 00013468.pdf> Accessed 10 January 2020.
12. Khin, NA., Yang P, Hung H, Maung-U K, et al. Regulatory and Scientific Issues Regarding Use of Foreign Data in Support of New Drug Applications in the U.S.: An FDA Perspective. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 94, 230-242 (2013).
13. ICH E17 guideline: General principles for planning and design of multi-regional clinical trials (final version). <https://www.pmda.go.jp/files/000224562.pdf> (2017). Accessed 10 January 2020.
14. Ando, Y. & Uyama, Y. Multiregional Clinical Trials: Japanese Perspective on Drug Development Strategy and Sample Size for Japanese Subjects. J Biopharm Stat. 22, 977-987 (2012).
15. Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. List of Approved Products.<http://www.pmda.go.jp/english/review-services/reviews/approved-information/drugs/0002.html> Accessed 10 January 2020.
16. Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. Information on approved products (in Japanese).<http://www.pmda.go.jp/PmdaSearch/iyakuSearch/> Accessed 10 January 2020.
17. Clinical Trials.gov. <https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/> Accessed 10 January 2020.
18. National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) Clinical Trials Search.<https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/> Accessed 10 January 2020.
19. Kurose, K., Sugiyama, E., & Saito, Y. Population Differences in Major Functional Polymorphisms of Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics-related Genes in Eastern Asians and Europeans : Implications in the Clinical Trials for Novel Drug Development. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 27, 9-54 (2012).
20. Morgan, IG., Ohno-Matsui, K., & Saw, SM. Myopia. Lancet. 379, 1739-1748 (2012).
21. Pan, CW., Ramamurthy. D., & Saw, SM. Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia.Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 32, 3-16 (2012).
22. Ma, RC. & Chan, JC. Type 2 diabetes in East Asians: similarities and differences with populations in Europe and the United States. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 64-91 (2013).
23. The International Hap Map Consortium. A haplotype map of the human genome. Nature.437, 1299-1320 (2005).
24. Myrand, S.P. et al., Pharmacokinetics/genotype associations for major cytochrome P450 enzymes in native and first- and third-generation Japanese populations: comparison with Korean, Chinese, and Caucasian populations. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 84, 347-361 (2008).
25. Ozaki, T. et al., Genome-wide association study identifies HLA-A*3101 allele as a genetic risk factor for carbamazepine-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions in Japanese population. Hum Mol Genet. 20, 1034-1041 (2011).
26. Chung, WH. et al., Medical genetics: a marker for Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Nature. 428, 486 (2004).
27. Hung, SI. et al., Genetic susceptibility to carbamazepine-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 16, 297-306 (2006).
28. Middleton, D., Menchaca, L., Rood, H., & Komerofsky, R New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net. Tissue Antigens. 61, 403-407 (2003).