[1] Arnold M, Ferlay J, van Berge Henegouwen MI, et al. Global burden of oesophageal and gastric cancer by histology and subsite in 2018. Gut. 2020; 69: 1564-71.
[2] 独立行政法人国立がん研究センターがん情報サービス (https://ganjoho.jp/public/cancer/esophagus/patients.html)
[3] Hatta W, Gotoda T, Koike T, et al. Management following endoscopic resection in elderly patients with early-stage upper gastrointestinal neoplasia. Dig Endosc. 2020; 32: 861-73.
[4] Tsujii Y, Nishida T, Nishiyama O, et al. Clinical outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal neoplasms: a multicenter retrospective cohort study. Endoscopy. 2015; 47: 775-83.
[5] Ogata Y, Hatta W, Koike T, et al. Predictors of early and late mortality after endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2021; 253: 29-39.
[6] Hatta W, Koike T, Takahashi S, et al. Risk of metastatic recurrence after endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma invading into the muscularis mucosa or submucosa: a multicenter retrospective study. J Gastroenterol. 2021; 56: 620-32.
[7] Oda I, Shimizu Y, Yoshio T, et al. Long-term outcome of endoscopic resection for intramucosal esophageal squamous cell cancer: a secondary analysis of the japan esophageal cohort study. Endoscopy. 2020; 52: 967-75.
[8] Katada C, Yokoyama T, Yano T, et al. Alcohol consumption and multiple dysplastic lesions increase risk of squamous cell carcinoma in the esophagus, head, and neck. Gastroenterology. 2016; 151: 860-69.e7.
[9] Pennathur A, Gibson MK, Jobe BA, et al. Oesophageal carcinoma. Lancet. 2013; 381: 400- 12.
[10] IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Personal habits and indoor combustions. A review of human carcinogens. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 31 2012; 100: 1-538.
[11] Seitz HK, Stickel F. Molecular mechanisms of alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007; 7: 599-612.
[12] Yokoyama A, Kamada Y, Imazeki H, et al. Effects of ADH1B and ALDH2 genetic polymorphisms on alcohol elimination rates and salivary acetaldehyde levels in intoxicated japanese alcoholic men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016; 40: 1241-50.
[13] Ohashi S, Miyamoto S, Kikuchi O, et al. Recent advances from basic and clinical studies of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2015; 149: 1700-15.
[14] Okata H, Hatta W, Iijima K, et al. Detection of acetaldehyde in the esophageal tissue among healthy male subjects after ethanol drinking and subsequent L-cysteine intake. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2018; 244: 317-25.
[15] Samak G, Gangwar R, Meena AS, et al. Calcium channels and oxidative stress mediate a synergistic disruption of tight junctions by ethanol and acetaldehyde in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 38899.
[16] Singh AB, Sharma A, Dhawan P. Claudin family of proteins and cancer: an overview. J Oncol. 2010; 2010: 541957.
[17] Ohkoshi A, Suzuki T, Ono M, et al. Roles of Keap1-Nrf2 system in upper aerodigestive tract carcinogenesis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013; 6: 149-59.
[18] Nabeshima T, Hamada S, Taguchi K, et al. Keap1 deletion accelerates mutant K-ras/p53- driven cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2020; 318: G419-27.
[19] Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N, Biswal S. Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007; 47: 89-116.
[20] Motohashi H, Yamamoto M. Nrf2-Keap1 defines a physiologically important stress response mechanism. Trends Mol Med. 2004; 10: 549-57.
[21] Kawasaki Y, Okumura H, Uchikado Y, et al. Nrf2 is useful for predicting the effect of chemoradiation therapy on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014; 21: 2347-52.
[22] Shibata T, Kokubu A, Saito S, et al. NRF2 mutation confers malignant potential and resistance to chemoradiation therapy in advanced esophageal squamous cancer. Neoplasia. 2011; 13: 864-73.
[23] Chen H, Hu Y, Fang Y, et al. Nrf2 deficiency impairs the barrier function of mouse oesophageal epithelium. Gut. 2014; 63: 711-9.
[24] Cui R, Kamatani Y, Takahashi A, et al. Functional variants in ADH1B and ALDH2 coupled with alcohol and smoking synergistically enhance esophageal cancer risk. Gastroenterology. 2009; 137: 1768-75.
[25] Tanaka F, Yamamoto K, Suzuki S, et al. Strong interaction between the effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma among individuals with ADH1B and/or ALDH2 risk alleles. Gut. 2010; 59: 1457-64.
[26] Abiko S, Shimizu Y, Miyamoto S, et al. Risk assessment of metachronous squamous cell carcinoma after endoscopic resection for esophageal carcinoma based on the genetic polymorphisms of alcoholdehydrogense-1B aldehyde dehydrogenase-2: temperance reduces the risk. J Gastroenterol. 2018; 53: 1120-30.
[27] Norita K, Asanuma K, Koike T, et al. Impaired mucosal integrity in proximal esophagus is involved in development of proton pump inhibitor-refractory nonerosive reflux disease. Digestion. 2021; 102: 404-14.
[28] Honda J, Iijima K, Asanuma K, et al. Estrogen enhances esophageal barrier function by potentiating occludin expression. Dig Dis Sci. 2016; 61: 1028-38.
[29] Amanuma Y, Ohashi S, Itatani Y, et al. Protective role of ALDH2 against acetaldehyde- derived DNA damage in oesophageal squamous epithelium. Sci Rep. 2015; 5: 14142.
[30] Blasig IE, Haseloff RF. Tight junctions and tissue barriers. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011; 15: 1163-6.
[31] Overgaard CE, Daugherty BL, Mitchell LA, et al. Claudins: control of barrier function and regulation in response to oxidant stress. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011; 15: 1179-93.
[32] Jovov B, Van Itallie CM, Shaheen NJ, et al. Claudin-18: a dominant tight junction protein in Barrett's esophagus and likely contributor to its acid resistance. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007; 293: G1106-13.
[33] Hashibe M, Brennan P, Strange RC, et al. Meta- and pooled analyses of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and CYP1A1 genotypes and risk of head and neck cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003; 12: 1509-17.
[34] Odera JO, Xiong Z, Huang C, et al. NRF2/ACSS2 axis mediates the metabolic effect of alcohol drinking on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem J. 2020; 477: 3075-89.
[35] Wu KC, Liu J, Klaassen CD. Role of Nrf2 in preventing ethanol-induced oxidative stress and lipid accumulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012; 262: 321-9.
[36] Jensen JS, Fan X, Guidot DM. Alcohol causes alveolar epithelial oxidative stress by inhibiting the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2-antioxidant response element signaling pathway. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013; 48: 511-7.
[37] Muto M, Hitomi Y, Ohtsu A, et al. Association of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene polymorphism with multiple oesophageal dysplasia in head and neck cancer patients. Gut. 2000; 47: 256-61.
[38] Zucco F, Batto AF, Bises G, et al. An inter-laboratory study to evaluate the effects of medium composition on the differentiation and barrier function of Caco-2 cell lines. Altern Lab Anim. 2005; 33: 603-18.
[39] Meloni M, Buratti P, Carriero F, et al. In Vitro Modelling of Barrier Impairment Associated with Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2021; 14: 361-73.